-- The first section of this topic is shown below --

Description

• Speech delay is delay in the acquisition of spoken language.
• Language is a system of symbols through which humans communicate thoughts, feelings and ideas. It has 3 components: Receptive, expressive, and visual language.
  • Receptive language is the ability to process and understand language.
  • Expressive language is the ability to communicate through speech, written, or formal sign language.
• Speech delay can be primary, as in Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), or secondary to another condition. DLD is impaired speech/language in an otherwise normally developing child who lacks signs or stigmata of other conditions.
• Constitutional language delay, a retrospective diagnosis, is language delay associated with eventual achievement of normal speech and language milestones by school age. There are no subsequent difficulties with learning to read or write.
• Expressive language disorders include the following:
  • Verbal dyspraxia: Little speech produced with great effort, very dysfluent, single words most commonly.
  • Speech programming deficit disorder: Poorly organized difficult-to-understand speech
• Mixed receptive and expressive disorders:
  • Verbal auditory agnosia: Impaired ability to decode speech, resulting in a severe expressive impairment. Can often learn language visually.
  • Phonologic/Syntactic deficit disorder: Most common type of DLD. Comprehension exceeds spoken ability. Speech is dysfluent, grammatically incorrect with short utterances.
  • Most frequent causes of speech delay:
    • Hearing loss
    • Developmental language disorder
    • Autistic spectrum disorder
    • Mental retardation

-- To view the remaining sections of this topic, please sign in or purchase a subscription --