| Browse by Title![[file]](images/m/file.gif) Pacifier use associated with recurrent acute otitis media  - Pain severity does not predict outcomes with AMI
- Pain tx decreases agitation in nursing homes
- PA-led rapid response team beneficial
- Pancreatic cancer risk increased in families with Lynch syndrome
- Pantoprozole more effective than somatostatin for peptic ulcer rebleeding
- Parathyroid hormone prevents recurrent fractures
- Paroxetine blocks effect of tamoxifen on breast cancer
- Patent foramen ovale not necessarily associated with stroke recurrence
- Patients like access to their own records; their doctors don't mind
- Patient-specific fall prevention plan reduces fall rates in older hospitalized patients
- PCI not useful for occluded vessel after completed STEMI
- PCI provides short-term quality of life improvement in stable angina (COURAGE)
- PCI similar to CABG in nonprotected left main disease
- PCP diagnosis of depression: not very accurate
- Peanut and tree nut consumption during pregnancy may decrease risk of allergic disease in children
- PECARN and CHALICE best rules in children with head injuries
- Pedigree identifies hereditary breast cancer syndromes
- Pedometer-based programs result in modest weight loss
- Pedometer use increases physical activity and may promote weight loss
- Peer-based interventions to promote behavior change produce mixed results
- PEG helpful in childhood constipation, fecal impaction
- PEG more effective than tegaserod for chronic constipation
- PEG safe and effective for up to 6 months in chronic constipation
- Pelvic floor muscle training reduces urinary incontinence in pregnancy
- Pergolide, cabergoline increase risk of heart valve damage
- Periconception antibiotics associated with birth defects
- Perinatal mortality associated with macrosomia
- Perinatal steroids not associated with adverse CV function 7-10 years later
- Perindopril+indapamide improves outcomes in high-risk pts with DM (ADVANCE)
- Perioperative beta-blockers = placebo for noncardiac surgery
- Perioperative metoprolol: fewer CV events and MIs, more deaths and strokes (POISE)
- Perioperative statin use decreased post-op MI and AF in statin-naïve patients
- Peri-op fluvastatin reduces myocardial ischemia after vascular surgery
- Pessary reduces preterm birth among women with a short cervix identified mid-second trimester
- Pharmacist-assisted Web-based care improves hypertension control
- Phlebotomy decreased cancer risk in patients with PAD
- PHQ-15 reasonable for screening for somatoform disorders in primary care
- Physical activity and the risk of bleeding in children with hemophilia
- Physician-, biomarker-, and symptom-based adjustment of inhaled steroids all similar for adult asthma control
- Physicians should ask surrogate decision-makers about life-support preference
- Pimecrolimus (Elidel) cream minimally effective for perioral dermatitis
- Pimecrolimus ineffective for intertriginous psoriasis
- Pioglitazone does not increase cardiovascular events (PROactive)
- Pioglitazone prevents diabetes, but increases weight and risk of edema
- Placebo = antibiotics for skin abscesses in children
- Placebo almost as effective as hypnotics in adults
- Placebo or sham interventions strongly affect subjective outcome measures
- Platelet rich plasma ineffective in chronic Achilles tendinopathy
- Platelet-rich plasma injection does not improve chronic Achilles tendinopathy
- Pneumatic compression devices effective for RLS
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine prevents meningitis
- Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine of questionable benefit for adults
- Pneumonia: 3 days of antibiotics for uncomplicated course
- Pneumonia can be treated with 3 to 5 days of abx
- Point-of-care CRP testing slightly decreases abx for RTI
- Polypill improves CV risk markers, no data on outcomes (TIPS)
- Polyunsaturated fat diet not effective to prevent heart disease
- Poor agreement on interpretation of fetal heart rate tracings
- Poor evidence for antioxidants for arthritis
- Poor-quality evidence for steroid injection in pts with frozen shoulder
- Poor research quality for newborn hearing testing, screening, and treatment
- Postcoital bleeding of limited use in determining cervical cancer risk
- PPI helpful for HP-negative dyspepsia with normal endoscopy, especially if overweight
- PPI lansoprazole not effective for improving asthma control in children
- PPIs improve postnasal drip symptoms
- PPIs not helpful for GERD-related chronic laryngitis
- PPI use associated with increased risk of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic adults
- PPI use linked with recurrent C difficile infection
- PPI use reduces benefit of clopidogrel post-MI
- Pragmatic primary care trial finds LTI similarly effective as inhaled steroid, LABA
- Praying for others doesn't prevent surgery complications (STEP)
- Prediction model can decrease prostate biopsies in men with abnormal PSA
- Prednisolone but not acyclovir effective for Bell's palsy
- Prednisolone effective short-term for complex regional pain syndrome
- Prednisone following bare metal stent implantation improves outcomes
- Pregabalin = placebo for painful HIV-associated neuropathy
- Pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic sclerosis worse than in general population
- Prenatal supplementation with DHA-rich fish oil does not improve outcomes
- Preop chlorhexidine-alcohol more effective than povidone-iodine in preventing surgical-site infections
- Pre-op smoking cessation decreases complication rate
- Prepregnancy or gestational diabetes increases risk of perinatal depression
- Prescription omega-3 fatty acids do not reduce risk of recurrent A fib
- Presence of risk factors doesn't predict acute coronary syndrome
- Presenting risks in different ways affects perceptions
- Preterm birth associated with prior abortion
- Preterm birth associated with reduced survival and reproduction
- Preterm birth increased after treatment for CIN
- Preterm births not reduced by periodontal treatment
- Pretreatment eradication of H. pylori improves NSAID safety
- Pretreatment with omeprazole before endoscopy reduces bleeding
- Preventing breast cancer effective in postmenopausal women
- Preventing falls in the hospital: not much data
- Preventing mastoiditis not a good antibiotic rationale
- Primary care physicians can help patients lose weight
- Proactive communication strategy reduces stress in families of dying patients
- Probiotic decreases colicky crying
- Probiotic decreases IBS symptoms
- Probiotic decreases side effects of H. pylori treatment
- Probiotic improves functional abdominal pain in children
- Probiotics decrease antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children
- Probiotics decrease antibiotic-associated diarrhea risk
- Probiotics effective in preventing acute diarrhea, but not traveler's diarrhea
- Probiotics effective to prevent recurrent BV
- Probiotics increase mortality in severe pancreatitis (PROPATRIA)
- Probiotics may improve irritable bowel syndrome
- Probiotics prevent C. diff-associated diarrhea in patients taking antibiotics
- Probiotics prevent cold symptoms in children
- Probiotics reduce risk of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children and adults
- Probiotics safe, minimally effective in newborns
- Probiotics somewhat helpful for IBS
- Probiotic yogurt prevents antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients
- Problem-solving therapy effective for depression with executive dysfunction
- Procalcitonin-guided algorithms reduce antibiotic use without affecting mortality
- Procalcitonin levels reduce antibiotic use in ICU
- Procalcitonin may distinguish bacterial from viral meningitis in kids
- Procalcitonin test can reduce antibiotic use in COPD
- Procalcitonin testing decreases antibiotic use
- Procalcitonin useless in managing febrile children
- Progestational agents reduce preterm birth
- Progesterone ineffective to reduce preterm twin birth
- Progestogens prevent preterm birth among women with prior preterm birth
- Prognosis of acute and persistent low back pain
- Prognosis of bicuspid aortic valve depends on age, severity of valve dysfunction
- Prognosis of cutaneous signs of neurofibromatosis type 1
- Prognosis poor for nursing home residents started on dialysis
- Prognosis poor in advanced dementia
- Progress of induced labor slower than spontaneous labor
- Prolonged thromboprophylaxis after hip-replacement surgery decreases VTE
- Prolonged tocolysis after 48 hrs with oral nifedipine does not reduce adverse perinatal outcomes
- Promoting breastfeeding duration and exclusivity does not prevent childhood obesity
- Prompt tympanostomy tube insertion doesn't improve 9 yr outcomes
- Prophylactic abx not necessary after UTI in children
- Prophylactic dialysis reduces long-term dialysis in pts with renal failure after coronary angiography
- Prophylactic indomethacin prevents post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients
- Prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy reduces ovarian cancer risk
- Prophylaxis effective for HIV-discordant heterosexual couples
- Prophylaxis not effective for tension-type headache
- Prophylaxis with continuous IV haloperidol decreased post-op delirium in elderly
- Propranolol reduces severe infantile hemangiomas
- Proprioceptive training decreases recurrent ankle sprains
- Prostaglandin inhibitors best for tocolysis
- Prostate cancer screening: no mortality benefit after 13 years of follow-up (PLCO)
- Prostate cancer screening increases harm risk without decreasing mortality
- PSA screening does not decrease mortality
- PSA screening does not reduce mortality from prostate CA (PLCO)
- PSA screening for prostate cancer not recommended (USPSTF)
- PSA screening has marginal effect on mortality in European study (ERSPC)
- Psoriasis associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation and stroke
- Psychiatric problems do not increase after induced abortion
- Psychological interventions reduce onset of depression
- Psychotherapy improves CV outcomes in at-risk patients (SUPRIM)
- PT combined with patient education reduces falls in older hospitalized patients
- Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Severity Index predicts low risk PE patients
- Pulse oximetry screening for congenital heart defects: modest sensitivity, high specificity, unknown outcomes
- Pulse oximetry to screen for congenital heart disease in newborns
- Pyloric stenosis has strong heritability risk
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