| By Topic![[collapse]](images/m/index_collapse.gif) Drug Information![[file]](images/m/file.gif) 3 days equal to 5 days of oral steroids for acute asthma in children  - ACE = ARB, but ACE + ARB worsens renal outcomes (ONTARGET)
- ACE = ARB for secondary CV prevention; combination worse (ONTARGET)
- ACE inhibitors effective in CAD without CHF
- Acetaminophen=celecoxib in DJD
- Adjunctive antidepressants not effective for depression in bipolar disorder
- Adults with both anxiety and depression respond poorly to treatment
- After 15 years, 50% of patients with optic neuritis developed MS (ONTT)
- Aggressive early tx after TIA/minor stroke improves outcomes (EXPRESS)
- Alendronate therapy unnecessary for most women after 5 years
- Alpha-blocker or nifedipine may help pass kidney stones
- Amitriptyline effect on QOL in teens with IBS is equivocal
- Antibiotics and nasal steroids of little/no benefit for acute sinusitis
- Antibiotics do not improve outcomes after IandD of skin abscess
- Anticholinergics, pelvic floor muscle exercises improve urinary incontinence in women
- Anticholinergics of greater benefit in COPD treatment
- Antidepressants helpful in chronic rheumatic and other pain disorders
- Antioxidants don't prevent colorectal cancer
- Antioxidants do not prevent macular degeneration
- Antioxidants may increase mortality
- Antiplatelet agents prevent preeclampsia
- A PPI test does not improve diagnosis of GERD
- ARBs reduce BP in prehypertensive patients
- ASA+dipyridamole better than ASA for cerebral ischemia (ESPRIT)
- ASA effective in secondary prevention of vascular disease, uncertain in primary prevention
- As needed steroid + beta-agonist works well in mild persistent asthma
- Aspirin + dipyridamole = clopidogrel for recurrent stroke prevention (PROFESS)
- Aspirin = enoxaparin for prevention of recurrent miscarriage
- Atypical antipsychotics minimally effective, poorly tolerated in AD
- Azithromycin at least as effective as doxycycline for PID
- Betamethasone, calcipotriol best for intertriginous psoriasis
- Betamethasone prevents intraventricular bleeds in preterm neonates
- Botulinum might be more effective than nitroglycerine in anal fissure
- Botulinum toxin A effective for axillary hyperhidrosis
- Botulinum toxin effective for excessive drooling
- Caffeine associated with miscarriage
- Calcium doesn't decrease fractures except in very compliant pts
- Cancer risk reduced with vitamin D/calcium supplementation
- Carvedilol decreases mortality, slightly improves QOL (COMET)
- Carvedilol not beneficial for children and adolescents with heart failure
- CBT+ alternative SSRI better than alternative SSRI alone in adolescent depression
- CBT followed by mirtazapine most effective for chronic fatigue
- Children and GERD: pneumonia with acid suppression
- Cholesterol lowering cost-effective in high-risk elderly
- Citalopram of modest benefit for IBS
- Clonidine, gabapentin, and some SSRIs effective for hot flashes
- Coffee does not increase risk of developing CAD
- Combination antipyretics no faster than ibuprofen but longer acting
- Combination of antipsychotics and mood stabilizers best for acute mania
- Combo sumatriptan-naproxen slightly better than either alone for acute migraine
- COPD -- combo therapy improves symptoms but doesn't decrease exacerbations
- Corticosteroids, selective use of antibiotics and NPPV for COPD exacerbations
- Corticosteroids benefit patients with moderate to severe COPD
- Coumadin + aspirin no better than aspirin alone for PAD
- CV interventions in old elderly are not useful (DEBATE)
- Cyclophosphomide reduces dyspnea in scleroderma lung disease
- Dexamethasone does not prevent migraine recurrence
- Dexamethasone not effective for bronchiolitis
- Different SSRIs associated with specific birth defects; fluoxetine safest
- Duloxetine decreases pain of diabetic neuropathy
- Early endoscopy not needed in GERD without alarm symptoms
- Early initiation of statins following ACS does not improve outcomes
- Enoxaparin > UFH for STEMI, with or without clopidogrel
- Enoxaparin > UFH for STEMI treated with fibrinolysis then PCI
- Escitalopram (Lexapro) reduces risk of poststroke depression
- Esomeprazole doesn't improve asthma symptoms
- Evidence-based guideline for managing trigeminal neuralgia
- Excess enoxaparin increases adverse outcomes in non-ST elevation ACS
- Ezetimibe does not slow progression of coronary disease (ENHANCE)
- Fibromyalgia treatment guidelines from EULAR
- Fixed-dose, subcutaneous, unfractionated heparin effective for VTE
- Fluoroquinolones = beta-lactam for acute bacterial sinusitis
- Fluticasone + salmeterol reduce mortality in COPD
- Furosemide doesn't prevent acute renal failure
- Glitazones may be beneficial post-PCI
- Guideline for Medications in CF
- Guidelines for COPD (ACP)
- Guidelines for managing VTE (AAFP, ACP)
- H. pylori tx effective in long-term PPI users
- Harms outweigh benefits of aspirin/NSAID for colon cancer prevention
- Hep A vaccine similar to immune globulin for postexposure prophylaxis
- High-dose atorvastatin reduces recurrent stroke, not mortality (SPARCL)
- Hydrocortisone does not reduce mortality in septic shock
- Hypertension treatment effective even after age 80
- Ibuprofen better analgesic after a single dose
- Idraparinux effective for DVT but not for PE
- Increased use of COX-2 assoc with more overall GI bleeds
- Inhaled anticholinergics associated with increased risk of CVD in COPD
- Inhaled steroids for COPD associated with increased risk of pneumonia
- In-hospital PPI use associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia
- Intensive lipid lowering reduces mortality following ACS
- Lactobacilli after antibiotic treatment for BV
- Lactobacillus prevents ulcerative colitis relapse
- Less bleeding with fondaparinux vs enoxaparin for ACS with PCI
- Levofloxacin-based 3-drug therapy for resistant H. pylori
- Light therapy as effective as fluoxetine for SAD
- Limited data on probiotics to prevent antibiotic-induced diarrhea in kids
- Little information on racial differences between antihypertensives
- LMWH = UFH for thrombocytopenia
- LMWH better than UFH for acute DVT
- LMWH better than unfractionated heparin for preventing DVT in medical patients
- Long-term PPI use increases hip fracture risk
- Long-term use of PPIs appears to be safe in children
- Long-term vitamins do not prevent lung cancer
- Many patients using warfarin also take aspirin
- Maybe kids with mild persistent asthma don't need daily steroids
- Medical tx prevents variceal bleeds better
- Medications help passage of kidney stones
- Meta-analysis: BP drugs equally effective in young and old
- Metformin does not harm patients with HF and diabetes
- Methylprednisolone improves outcomes in ARDS
- Moderate coffee consumption safe after AMI
- Montelukast+salmeterol inferior to steroids+salmeterol in moderate asthma
- Montelukast = fluticasone+ salmeterol for mild persistent asthma
- Montelukast alone ineffective for allergic rhinitis
- Montelukast ameliorates acute asthma attack in children
- Morphine + ketorolac better for renal colic
- Morphine improves chronic, intractable cough
- Most women quickly stop taking bisphophonates
- Multifactorial intervention improves outcomes in T2DM (Steno-2)
- Naproxen effective for cold symptoms including cough reduction
- Newer antidepressants increse suidicidality in youths
- No effect of self-selected tx on acute low back pain
- No long-term benefit from multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids
- NSAIDs do not improve cognitive function (ADAPT)
- Omega-3 fatty acids have small analgesic effect
- Omega-3 FFAs not effective for relapse prevention in Crohn disease
- Omeprazole = pantoprazole for GI protection with NSAIDs
- Opiates for acute abdominal pain do not increase management errors
- Oral = IV prednisolone for COPD exacerbation
- Oral prednisolone is equal to naproxen in acute gout
- Oral steroids effective for nasal polyps
- Oxcarbazepine does not prevent migraine
- Pantoprozole more effective than somatostatin for peptic ulcer rebleeding
- Perinatal steroids not associated with adverse CV function 7-10 years later
- Perindopril+indapamide improves outcomes in high-risk pts with DM (ADVANCE)
- Perioperative metoprolol: fewer CV events and MIs, more deaths and strokes (POISE)
- Pneumonia can be treated with 3 to 5 days of abx
- Poor evidence for antioxidants for arthritis
- PPIs not helpful for GERD-related chronic laryngitis
- PPI use reduces benefit of clopidogrel post-MI
- Prednisolone but not acyclovir effective for Bell's palsy
- Prednisolone effective short-term for complex regional pain syndrome
- Pretreatment eradication of H. pylori improves NSAID safety
- Pretreatment with omeprazole before endoscopy reduces bleeding
- Probiotics decrease antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children
- Probiotics effective in preventing acute diarrhea, but not traveler's diarrhea
- Probiotics increase mortality in severe pancreatitis (PROPATRIA)
- Probiotics safe, minimally effective in newborns
- Probiotic yogurt prevents antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients
- QI measures increased evidence based therapies and reduced LOS for HF patients
- Raloxifene and tamoxifen equally effective in reducing breast CA risk
- Raloxifene decreases breast CA risk, no effect on CVD risk (RUTH)
- Repeated antenatal doses of steroids reduces neonatal morbidity (ACTORDS)
- Rofecoxib, diclofenac and indomethacin increase risk of CVD
- Rosiglitazone associated with increased risk of acute MI
- Rosiglitazone delays developing DM (DREAM)
- Rosiglitazone more likely to succeed as monotherapy but POEMs lacking
- Rosuvastatin does not improve outcomes in HF with average lipids
- Rosuvastatin has no effect on clinical outcomes in CHF
- Salmeterol + fluticasone better than tiotropium in COPD (INSPIRE)
- Second-line antibiotics more effective than first-line in AECB
- Sertraline ineffective for hot flushes
- Short-course antibiotics effective for acute exacerbation of COPD
- Single dose azithromycin effective for cholera
- Smaller benefit of statins without heart disease
- Some older patients benefit from statin therapy
- Soy, black cohosh may have some benefit for menopause sx
- SSRIs associated with upper GI bleeding
- SSRIs effective for depression after 1 week
- Statin use may reduce risk of cataracts
- Steroids effective for hyperemesis gravidarum
- Summary of GOLD guideline for COPD
- TCA, capsaicin, older anticonvulsants best for neuropathy
- Tennis elbow: injection better short-term, worse long-term
- Test-and-treat best for primary care dyspepsia
- Topiramate may be effective for alcohol dependence
- TZDs increase CHF events in pts with DM or with prediabetes
- Under ideal conditions thrombolysis may be helpful within 3 to 4.5 hours
- Vasodilators of little use with aortic insufficiency
- Vitamin C and E do not prevent preeclampsia
- Warfarin prevents more strokes than clopidorel+ASA in a fib (ACTIVE)
- Warfarin superior to antiplatelet treatment for A Fib
- Zoledronic acid reduces fractures, mortality after hip fracture (HORIZON)
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