Unbound MEDLINE

Characteristics of commercially manufactured and compounded protamine zinc insulin.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate and compare characteristics of a commercially manufactured protamine zinc insulin (PZI) product and PZI products obtained from various compounding pharmacies.
DESIGN
Evaluation study.
SAMPLE
112 vials of PZI (16 vials of the commercially manufactured product and 8 vials from each of 12 compounding pharmacies) purchased over an 8-month period.
PROCEDURES
Validated methods were used to analyze 2 vials of each product at 4 time points. Appearance, endotoxin concentration, crystal size, insulin concentration in the supernatant, pH, total insulin and zinc concentrations, and species of insulin origin were evaluated.
RESULTS
All 16 vials of commercially manufactured PZI met United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications. Of 96 vials of compounded PZI, 1 (1 %) contained a concentration of endotoxin > 32 endotoxin U/mL, 23 (24%) had concentrations of insulin in the supernatant > 1.0 U/mL, and 45 (47%) had pH values < 7.1 or > 7.4; all of these values were outside of specifications. Several vials of compounded PZI (52/96 [54%]) did not meet specifications for zinc concentration (0.06 to 0.1 mg/mL for 40 U of insulin/mL, 0.075 to 0.12 mg/mL for 50 U of insulin/mL, and 0.15 to 0.25 mg/mL for 100 U of insulin/mL), and total insulin concentration in 36 [38%] vials was < 90% of the labeled concentration.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Only 1 of 12 compounded PZI products met all USP specifications in all vials tested. Use of compounded PZI insulin products could potentially lead to serious problems with glycemic control in veterinary patients.

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  • Publisher Full Text

    • Authors

    Scott-Moncrieff JC, Moore GE, Coe J, Lynn RC, Gwin W, Petzold R

    Institution

    Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. scottmon@purdue.edu

    Source

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 240:5 2012 Mar 1 pg 600-5

    MeSH

    Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
    Drug Compounding
    Drug Industry
    Insulin, Isophane
    Pharmacies
    Quality Control

    Pub Type(s)

    Journal Article
    Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

    Language

    eng

    PubMed ID

    22332631