Abstract

Corticosteroids, which revolutionized dermatologic therapy a half century ago, owe their beginnings to Tadeusz Reichstein (1897-1996), who was born in Poland but emigrated in 1905 with his family to Switzerland. Between 1934 and 1944, he isolated and elucidated the chemical structure of 29 pure substances from the extract of the adrenal cortex. All of them turned out to be steroid derivatives, including corticosterone and hydrocortisone. In 1950, the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Tadeusz Reichstein, along with Edward Kendall (1886-1972) and Phillip Hench (1896-1965), for their discoveries relating to the hormones of the adrenal cortex, their structures, and their biologic effects. In 1953, Reichstein isolated the pure crystalline form of a substance with a strong effect on electrolyte and water balance--aldosterone. Reichstein was an author or coauthor of 635 papers, the last ones at the age of 97. He described himself as “a Swiss of Polish-Jewish descent,” but his scientific achievements made him a world citizen.

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Authors

Grzybowski A, Pietrzak K

Institution

Department of Ophthalmology, Poznan City Hospital, ul. Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznań, Poland. ae.grzybowski@gmail.com

Source

Clinics in dermatology 30:2 pg 243-7

MeSH

Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Chemistry, Clinical
History, 19th Century
History, 20th Century
Humans
Skin Diseases
Switzerland

Pub Type(s)

Biography
Historical Article
Journal Article
Portraits

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22435119