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Percentages of water, muscle, and bone decrease and lipid increases in early period after successful kidney transplantation: a body composition analysis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Successful kidney transplantation (KT) can theoretically reconstitute body composition of a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the practical changes have not been well documented. We evaluated changes in body composition among candidates before and 1 year after KT.
METHODS
We enrolled 37 male and 18 female kidney recipients eligible for comparison of their body mass index (BMI), body composition, and lipid metabolism before and 1 year after KT. Twenty-one patients had been induced with a calcineurin inhibitor, mycophenolate mofetil, steroid, and basiliximab, and 34 others underwent steroid withdrawal on postoperative day 3. The body composition was analyzed using bioelectrical impedance. We also analyzed changes in BMI and lipid profiles.
RESULTS
There was no significant change in BMI (21.4 ± 3.1 vs 21.7 ± 3.5 kg/m(2)). Regarding body composition, the water level decreased significantly (61.2 ± 4.9% vs 58.3 ± 5.3%; P < .05). In contrast, fat significantly increased (16.4 ± 6.7% vs 20.3 ± 7.1%; P < .05). More interestingly, successful KT significantly decreased the muscle and bone mass at 1 year after KT (37.3 ± 5.1% vs 34.8 ± 4.7%; 16.3 ± 2.1% vs 15.2 ± 2.1%; respectively; P < .05). Serum lipid profiles of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride worsened after KT. Comparing the 2 protocols, there was no difference in any item.
CONCLUSIONS
Care must be taken even after successful KT to avoid dyslipidemia, which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Well programmed dietary and/or exercise protocols to prevent muscle atrophy and fat gain should be considered even after successful KT.

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  • Publisher Full Text

    • Authors

    Harada H, Nakamura M, Hotta K, Iwami D, Seki T, Togashi M, Hirano T, Miyazaki C

    Institution

    Department of Kidney Transplant Surgery and Urology, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan. hiroshi.harada@doc.city.sapporo.jp

    Source

    Transplantation proceedings 44:3 2012 Apr pg 672-5

    MeSH

    Adult
    Antibodies, Monoclonal
    Body Composition
    Body Mass Index
    Body Water
    Bone and Bones
    Female
    Humans
    Kidney Transplantation
    Lipids
    Male
    Middle Aged
    Muscles
    Mycophenolic Acid
    Organ Size
    Recombinant Fusion Proteins

    Pub Type(s)

    Journal Article

    Language

    eng

    PubMed ID

    22483465