Abstract

PURPOSE
To compare bone resorption around implants immediately loaded and restored using definitive abutments versus provisional abutments later replaced by custom-made abutments up to 12 months after implant placement.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
28 patients with partial edentulism were selected for a two-implant supported immediate restoration and randomised to provisional abutment (PA) and definitive abutment (DA) groups (14 patients for each group). In the PA group, implants were immediately restored using a platform-switched provisional titanium abutment. In the DA group, definitive platform-switched titanium abutments were tightened. In both groups, a provisional restoration was adapted, avoiding occlusal contacts. All implants were definitively restored after 3 months. In the PA group, patients underwent the standard prosthetic protocol: the abutments were removed and impressions were made directly on the implant platform. In the DA group, patients underwent the 'one abutment at one time' protocol: impressions were made of the abutments using a retraction cord. Peri-implant marginal bone levels were assessed immediately after surgery, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up examinations.
RESULTS
At the 12-month follow-up no implant failed. In the PA group, peri-implant bone resorption was 0.359 mm after 6 months and 0.435 mm after 12 months. In the DA group, peri-implant bone resorption was 0.065 mm after 6 months and 0.094 mm after 12 months. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups for peri-implant bone level changes at the 6-month (P < 0.001) and the 12-month (P < 0.001) follow-up: 0.294 mm (CI 95% 0.276; 0.312) and 0.341 mm (CI 95% 0.322; 0.36), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that the non-removal of abutments placed at the time of surgery results in a statistically significant reduction of the crestal bone resorption around the immediately restored implants in cases of partial edentulism, however a difference of 0.3 mm may not have a clinical impact.

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Authors

Grandi T, Guazzi P, Samarani R, Garuti G

Institution

Department of Integrated Activities of Specialised Head-Neck Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio, Emilia, Italy. tommaso.grandi@unimore.it

Source

European journal of oral implantology 5:1 2012 pg 9-16

MeSH

Adult
Alveolar Bone Loss
Crowns
Dental Abutments
Dental Implant-Abutment Design
Dental Implants
Dental Impression Technique
Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported
Dental Restoration, Temporary
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Gingival Retraction Techniques
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Immediate Dental Implant Loading
Jaw, Edentulous, Partially
Male
Middle Aged
Radiography, Bitewing
Treatment Outcome

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Randomized Controlled Trial

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22518376