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Comparison of neurological outcome between tracheal intubation and supraglottic airway device insertion of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients: a nationwide, population-based, observational study.

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The effect of prehospital use of supraglottic airway devices as an alternative to tracheal intubation on long-term outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is unclear.
STUDY OBJECTIVES
We compared the neurological outcomes of patients who underwent supraglottic airway device insertion with those who underwent tracheal intubation.
METHODS
We conducted a nationwide population-based observational study using a national database containing all out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases in Japan over a 3-year period (2005-2007). The rates of neurologically favorable 1-month survival (primary outcome) and of 1-month survival and return of spontaneous circulation before hospital arrival (secondary outcomes) were examined. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to adjust for potential confounders. Advanced airway devices were used in 138,248 of 318,141 patients, including an endotracheal tube (ETT) in 16,054 patients (12%), a laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in 34,125 patients (25%), and an esophageal obturator airway (EOA) in 88,069 patients (63%).
RESULTS
The overall rate of neurologically favorable 1-month survival was 1.03% (1426/137,880). The rates of neurologically favorable 1-month survival were 1.14% (183/16,028) in the ETT group, 0.98% (333/34,059) in the LMA group, and 1.04% (910/87,793) in the EOA group. Compared with the ETT group, the rates were significantly lower in the LMA group (adjusted odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.64-0.94) and EOA group (adjusted odds ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.68-0.96).
CONCLUSIONS
Prehospital use of supraglottic airway devices was associated with slightly, but significantly, poorer neurological outcomes compared with tracheal intubation, but neurological outcomes remained poor overall.

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  • Publisher Full Text

    • Authors

    Tanabe S, Ogawa T, Akahane M, Koike S, Horiguchi H, Yasunaga H, Mizoguchi T, Hatanaka T, Yokota H, Imamura T

    Institution

    Foundation for Ambulance Service Development, Emergency Life-Saving Technique Academy of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

    Source

    The Journal of emergency medicine 44:2 2013 Feb pg 389-97

    Pub Type(s)

    Journal Article

    Language

    eng

    PubMed ID

    22541878