Abstract

INTRODUCTION
The aims of this study were to clarify the intramuscular branching patterns and arborizing area of hip adductor muscles with reference to surface landmarks on the thigh and to thus suggest effective and safe injection points for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT).
METHODS
Ten gracilis and 10 adductor longus specimens were subjected to Sihler staining to reveal intramuscular nerve arborization patterns, and findings were matched with and referred to surface landmarks. Using these results, we determined the optimal location for BoNT injection in hip adductors in relation to the long axis of the femur.
RESULTS
The corrected, most dense areas of innervation in adductor longus and gracilis were typically 30-50% and 40-50% from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) along the vertical line of the femur, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The most effective and safest point for BoNT injection into adductor muscles appears to be between 35% and 50% from ASIS, where neuromuscular junctions are most densely distributed.

Links

Publisher Full Text

Authors

Won SY, Rha DW, Kim HS, Jung SH, Park ES, Hu KS, Kim HJ

Institution

Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

Source

Muscle & nerve 46:1 2012 Jul pg 80-5

MeSH

Botulinum Toxins
Humans
Injections, Intramuscular
Muscle Spasticity
Muscle, Skeletal
Thigh

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

22644785