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Differential Diagnosis
Abdominal pain, generalized
Abdominal pain, left lower quadrant
Abdominal pain, left upper quadrant
Abdominal pain, right lower quadrant
Abdominal pain, right upper quadrant
Abdominal pain, upper or epigastric
Abortion, recurrent
Abortion, spontaneous
Acanthosis nigricans
Acute tubular necrosis
Adrenal mass
Aggressive behavior
Airway obstruction, bronchi
Airway obstruction, trachea
Airway obstruction, upper
Alcohol withdrawal
Alkaline phosphatase increased
Altered mental status
Altered mental status in a diabetic
Altered mental status in HIV/AIDS
Alveolar hemorrhage, diffuse
Amaurosis fugax
Amenorrhea, primary
Amylase increased
Anal fissure
Anemia, general approach
Anemia, hemolytic
Anemia, iron deficiency
Anemia, macrocytic
Anemia, microcytic
Anemia, normocytic
Angular cheilitis
Anion gap, decreased
Ankle pain
Anorectal pain
Anorexia (poor appetite)
Anovulation in reproductive years
Anticholinergic poisoning
Anxiety
Aortic insufficiency
Aortic stenosis
Arthritis & inflammatory bowel disease
Arthritis and skin nodules
Arthritis, acute, multijoint
Arthritis, acute, one joint
Arthritis, chronic, multijoint
Arthritis, chronic, one joint
Arthritis, general
Arthritis, migratory
Ascites (common causes)
Ascites (expanded list)
Ascites, chylous
Ascites, malignant
Aspirated foreign body
Aspiration of gastric contents, chronic
Asplenia and infection risk
AST/ALT increased
Ataxia
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Atrial myxoma
Atrioventricular block (first, second, or third degree)
Auditory symptoms absent
Auditory symptoms present
Auricle diseases
Autonomic insufficiency
Bacteremia & sepsis
Belching
Biliary obstruction
Bitemporal hemianopsia
Bleeding, general approach
Blepharitis
Blistering diseases (bullae)
Bone pain & pathologic fractures
Bone tumors
Bradycardia
Bradycardia, relative
Brain mass in HIV/AIDS
Brain tumors (brain mass)
Breast lump or mass
Breast pain
Bronchiectasis
Bronchitis, acute
Bruising, easy
Bruit
Budd-Chiari syndrome (hepatic vein obstruction)
BUN increased with normal GFR
Cafe au lait spots
Calf pain
Cancer of unknown primary
Cardiac tamponade
Cardiac tumors
Cardiomyopathy, primary dilated
Cardiomyopathy, restrictive
Carotid pulse, bisferiens
Carotid upstroke, delayed
Cataract
Catatonia or stiffness
Cervical (cervix) lesions
Cervical discharge
Cervical lymphadenopathy
Cervicitis
Chalazion
Chest pain
Chest pain, pleuritic
Cheyne-Stokes respiration
Cholestasis
Cholesterol decreased
Cholesterol increased
Cholinergic poisoning
Chorea
Cirrhosis
Claudication, lower extremity
Claudication, upper extremity
Clubbed digits
Coma
Congestive heart failure
Congestive heart failure, right-sided
Conjunctivitis
Constipation
Constricted pupil
Cough, acute
Cough, chronic
Cranial nerve 3 palsy
Cranial nerve 6 palsy
Cranial nerve palsy
Cyanosis
Decubitus ulcers
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Dermatitis, exfoliative (exfoliative erythroderma)
Dermatology, general
Desquamative erythema
Diarrhea in diabetes
Diarrhea in HIV/AIDS
Diarrhea, acute
Diarrhea, chronic
Dilated pupil
Diplopia or ophthalmoplegia
Dizziness
Drug eruption, fixed
Dry eyes (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
Dry mouth (xerostomia)
Dysarthria
Dysmenorrhea
Dyspareunia
Dysphagia
Dyspnea
Dyspnea, episodic
Dystonia
Dysuria
Ear canal diseases
Ear pain
Ear pruritus
Eczema, nummular or discoid
Edema, lower extremity
Edema, unilateral
Edema, upper extremity
EKG: electrical alternans
EKG: left atrial enlargement
EKG: left axis deviation
EKG: long QT
EKG: low voltage
EKG: right atrial enlargement
EKG: right axis deviation
EKG: short QT
EKG: ST depression or T wave inversion
EKG: ST elevation
EKG: U waves
EKG: wide QRS
Elbow pain
Encephalitis, viral
Eosinophilia
Eosinophilic pulmonary syndromes
Epistaxis
Erectile dysfunction
Erythema, figurate (shaped)
Erythromelalgia
Erythroplakia
Esophageal motility disorders
Esophagitis
Eye pain
Eyelid disorders
Facial erythema
Facial palsy (Bell's palsy)
Facial, tooth, or jaw pain
Failure to thrive
Falls & gait disorders
Fatigue
Fecal incontinence
Fever
Fever and rash
Fever in immunocompromised
Fever in parenteral drug user
Fever in returning traveler
Fever of unknown origin
Fever, hospital-acquired
Fever, postoperative
Fever, postpartum
Fever, relapsing or recurrent
Flatfoot
Flatus (flatulence, gas)
Flexor (volar) tenosynovitis
Floaters
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Foot drop
Foot pain
FUO in HIV/AIDS
Galactorrhea
Gastric tumor
Gastritis
Gastrointestinal bleeding, lower
Gastrointestinal bleeding, occult
Gastrointestinal bleeding, upper
Gastroparesis
Genital ulcer
Gingival hyperplasia
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephropathies
Glossitis
Glossodynia
Glucosuria
Goiter
Gynecomastia
Halitosis (bad breath)
Hallucinations
Hand pain
HDL decreased
Headache
Headache, cough-associated
Hearing loss
Heart sound, fixed split S2
Heart sound, loud P2
Heart sound, loud S1
Heart sound, paradoxically split S2 (or no split)
Heart sound, S3
Heart sound, S4
Heart sound, widely split S2
Heartburn
Heel pain
Hematemesis
Hematochezia
Hematuria
Hemoglobinuria
Hemoptysis
Hepatic failure, acute
Hepatitis, acute
Hepatitis, chronic
Hepatomegaly
Hiccups (singultus)
Hip pain
Hirsutism & virilization
Hoarseness
Hordeolum (sty)
Horner's syndrome
Hyperacusis
Hypercoagulable state
Hyperglycemia
Hyperhidrosis
Hyperpigmentation
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Hypersomnia
Hypertension
Hyperthermia
Hyperuricemia, endogenous
Hyperventilation
Hypoglycemia
Hypogonadism, female
Hypogonadism, male
Hypopigmentation or depigmentation
Hypopituitarism
Hypotension or shock
Hypothermia
Hypothermia of extremities
Hypoventilation, chronic
Hypoxia and normal CXR
Imbalance
Immobility (especially in elderly)
Infertility, female
Infertility, male
Insomnia
Interstitial lung disease
Interstitial nephritis
Intestinal ischemia, acute
Intestinal ischemia, chronic
Intracranial pressure, increased
Intraocular pressure, increased
Jaundice (icterus)
Jaundice in pregnancy
Joint effusion by joint fluid type
Keratitis (corneal ulcer or inflammation)
Kidneys, large
Knee effusion
Knee pain
Kussmaul's sign
Laryngeal tumor
Leukoplakia (oral leukoplakia)
Lift, parasternal
Limb ischemia, acute
Livedo reticularis
Liver disease, general categories
Liver mass
Low back pain
Lung cavities, multiple
Lung cavity
Lung disease, drug-induced
Lung disease, lower lobe
Lung disease, upper lobe
Lymphadenopathy, generalized
Lymphedema
Lymphocytosis
Macroglossia
Malabsorption
Malingering
Malnutrition
Mania
Mediastinal mass
Megacolon
Melena
Membranous nephropathy
Memory loss
Meningitis
Menorrhagia
Metastases to bone
Metastases to brain
Metastases to kidney
Metastases to liver
Metastases to lung
Metastases to meninges
Metastases to skin
Methemoglobinemia
Microalbuminuria
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Midcycle spotting
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Movement disorders
Murmur, diastolic
Murmur, systolic
Muscle cramps or tetany
Myelofibrosis
Myocarditis, acute
Myoclonus
Myopathy
Myositis
Nail disorders, miscellaneous
Nails, discolored or thick
Nails, distorted
Nasal deformity or saddle nose
Nasal polyps
Nasal tumors
Nausea and vomiting
Neck mass
Neck pain
Neck stiffness
Nephrotic syndrome
Neurogenic bladder
Neutropenia
Neutrophilia
Nevi
Nipple discharge
Nipple or areolar lesions
Nocturia
Nodules, subcutaneous
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Obesity
Obstruction of large intestine
Obstruction of small intestine
Obstructive voiding symptoms
Occupational pulmonary disease
Odynophagia
Olfactory dysfunction
Oligomenorrhea & amenorrhea
Onycholysis
Opioid withdrawal
Optic disc swelling
Optic neuritis
Oral lesions in HIV/AIDS
Oral ulcers
Orbital cellulitis
Orthopnea, or nocturnal dyspnea
Osmolar gap
Otitis media, chronic
Ovarian tumor
Pain, abdominal
Pain, chronic
Palpitations
Pancreatitis, acute
Pancreatitis, chronic
Pancytopenia
Panic
Papillary necrosis
Papilledema
Papules and nodules
Parasites involving the lung
Parasomnias
Paresthesias
Parkinsonism
Paronychia
Pelvic mass
Pelvic pain, acute
Pelvic pain, chronic
Penile pain
Penile papules & other lesions
Penile ulcer
Perianal fistula
Pericardial effusion
Pericarditis
Periorbital edema or swelling
Peripheral neuropathy (mononeuropathy)
Peripheral neuropathy (polyneuropathy)
Peritonsillar abscess
Petechiae
PFTs, DLCO (diffusion capacity) decreased
PFTs, DLCO (diffusion capacity) increased
PFTs, obstructive disease
PFTs, restrictive disease
Pharyngitis
Photophobia
Pigmented lesions
Pituitary mass
Platelet disorders, qualitative
Platypnea
Pleural effusion
Pleural plaques (masses or thickening)
Pleuritis (pleurisy)
Pneumaturia
Pneumoconiosis
Pneumonia in immunocompromised
Pneumonia, anaerobic, & lung abscess
Pneumonia, community-acquired
Pneumonia, hospital-acquired
Pneumonia, recurrent or persistent
Pneumothorax
Podagra
Polycythemia
Polydipsia
Polyps of colon and small intestine
Polyuria
Portal hypertension
Postcholecystectomy pain
Premature ovarian failure
Proptosis (exophthalmos)
Prostatodynia
Proteinuria
Pruritus (itching)
Pseudogout & chondrocalcinosis
PT increased
Ptosis
PTT increased
Pulmonary edema, acute
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary hypertension
Pulmonary insufficiency
Pulmonary nodule, solitary
Pulmonary nodules (multiple)
Pulmonary-renal syndromes
Pulse pressure, wide
Pulse, absent or decreased
Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
Pulsus alternans
Pulsus paradoxus
Purine content of foods
Purpura, nonpalpable
Purpura, palpable
Pustules
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Pyuria
Rash, annular
Rash, groin
Rash, intertriginous
Rash, malar
Rash, morbilliform
Rash, palms and soles
Raynaud's syndrome
Red eye
Red eye, circumcorneal (ciliary injection)
Reflexes, delayed relaxation
Renal cysts
Renal failure in HIV/AIDS
Renal failure, acute
Renal failure, chronic
Renal tubular acidosis
Respiratory failure, acute
Respiratory tract infections, recurrent
Retinal artery occlusion
Retinal detachment
Retinal vein occlusion
Retinopathy
Rhinitis (nasal congestion)
Rickettsial diseases
Sacroiliitis
Salivary gland tumor
Scaly lesions
Scleritis or episcleritis
Scrotal rash
Seizure
Seizure in HIV/AIDS
Septal perforation
Seronegative spondyloarthropathy
Sexual dysfunction, men
Sexual dysfunction, women
Sexually transmitted disease
Shoulder pain
Shunt (right to left, anatomic shunts)
Sialolithiasis or sialadenitis
Sick sinus syndrome
Sinopulmonary syndromes
Sinusitis, chronic
Small intestinal tumor
Sneezing
Spasticity
Spells (nonspecific)
Spinal cord tumor
Splenomegaly
Splinter hemorrhages
Stridor
Stroke
Sudden death
Sympatholytic poisoning
Sympathomimetic poisoning
Syncope
Tachycardia
Tachycardia, multifocal atrial
Tachycardia, paroxysmal supraventricular
Tachycardia, sinus
Tachycardia, ventricular
Telangiectasia
Testicular mass or swelling
Testicular pain (scrotal pain, groin pain)
Thalassemias
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytosis
Thyroid nodules
Tinnitus
Toxidromes (poisoning syndromes)
Transient ischemic attack
Traveler's diarrhea
Tremor
Tricuspid regurgitation
Triglycerides increased
TSH decreased
TSH increased
Ulcer and eschar
Ulcer, leg
Ulcers
Upper respiratory tract infection (upper respiratory infection)
Urethral discharge, men
Urethral discharge, women
Urinary frequency
Urinary incontinence
Urinary problems
Urinary tract infection
Urinary tract obstruction
Urinary urgency
Urine, cloudy
Urine, dark
Urticaria & angioedema
Uveitis (iritis, cyclitis, choroiditis, retinitis)
Vaginal bleeding
Vaginal bleeding, abnormal premenopausal (increased or irregular)
Vaginal bleeding, postmenopausal
Vaginal bleeding, third-trimester
Vaginal discharge
Vaginitis
Varicocele
Vasculitis syndromes
Vasculitis, hypersensitivity (leukocytoclastic)
Vertigo
Vesicles
Viral exanthem
Visual loss, acute
Visual loss, chronic
Vitiligo
Vitreous hemorrhage
Vocal cord paralysis
Vulvar lesions
Weakness
Weakness, proximal muscle
Weeping or encrusted lesions
Weight loss, involuntary
Wheezing
Wrist drop (radial nerve palsy)
Wrist pain
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