A young French bulldog was presented with persistent hemorrhagic diarrhea and suspected rectal stricture unresponsive to previous medical management. Comprehensive diagnostic tests, including blood work, colonoscopy, biopsy, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis, confirmed granulomatous colitis with invasive Escherichia coli. Culture testing identified a multidrug-resistant strain susceptible to meropenem. Concurrently, a rectal stricture was confirmed and managed with 3 repeat endoscopic balloon dilations. Systemic improvement was noted mid-treatment, and the stricture resolved at subsequent follow-up. Key clinical message: This case report highlights the successful diagnosis and management of multidrug-resistant granulomatous colitis in a French bulldog, including the use of meropenem for targeted antimicrobial therapy and repeat endoscopic balloon dilations for rectal stricture resolution. It underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis, appropriate antimicrobial selection, and structural intervention in the management of complex cases.

A 5-week-old male golden retriever puppy was presented with multiple, rapidly progressive skin masses. One of the masses had been present since birth; the duration of the other 2 masses was unknown. Fine-needle aspiration cytology of the lesions revealed a monomorphic population of round cells, raising suspicion for a round cell neoplasm. Two representative masses were submitted for histologic examination and immunohistochemical analysis. Histologically, the neoplasm was composed of dense, non-epitheliotropic infiltrates of atypical lymphoid cells within the dermis and subcutis. Immunophenotyping confirmed a T-cell origin, establishing a diagnosis of non-epitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. In the postoperative period, the puppy's health declined and humane euthanasia was elected. A postmortem examination did not occur, precluding assessment for systemic involvement. To the authors' knowledge this is the first case of non-epitheliotropic cutaneous T-cell lymphoma in a dog of this age documented in the veterinary literature. This report underscores the importance of including cutaneous lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of rapidly progressive skin masses in a dog, irrespective of age, and highlights the utility of histopathology and immunohistochemistry for achieving a diagnosis. Key clinical message: Lymphoma can occur in dogs of any age and should not be excluded as a differential diagnosis, even in very young puppies.

This case report describes the occurrence of soft tissue sarcoma at the surgical site of partial tarsal arthrodesis in 2 dogs within 8 mo after surgery. Surgical correction was uncomplicated in both cases, and the dogs did clinically well postoperatively, until masses were noted over the surgical sites. Each dog underwent amputation of the affected leg, as the masses were deemed unresectable. This report describes an uncommon potential complication of partial tarsal arthrodesis in dogs. Key clinical message: The cases reported herein are apparently the first descriptions of soft tissue sarcoma as a possible surgical complication related to partial tarsal arthrodesis in the dog. They highlight soft tissue sarcoma as a differential diagnosis to consider for surgical site swellings of the tarsus; however, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Surgical management of feline idiopathic chylothorax remains unpredictable, with reported success rates varying widely despite combined procedures. We report a case of refractory idiopathic chylothorax in a cat that was successfully managed through a strategic, sequential surgical approach guided by indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence. Initially, the cat underwent thoracoscopic thoracic duct occlusion (TDO) via clipping, but chylous effusion persisted. A 2nd surgery was conducted to achieve definitive thoracic duct ligation using sutures combined with additional clipping, yet the effusion remained refractory. Computed tomography after the 2nd surgery revealed a focal convergence of lymphatic vessels within the abdominal cavity. Based on this, a 3rd intervention was undertaken, combining thoracoscopic TDO with laparoscopic intra-abdominal lymphatic vessel occlusion and a cisterna chyli incision. Real-time ICG fluorescence imaging allowed precise identification and addressing of complex lymphatic collaterals. Chylothorax completely resolved ~1 mo after this 3rd surgery. The cat remained complication-free with no recurrence for 324 d after surgery. This case demonstrated the efficacy of a multimodal, sequential strategy for refractory feline chylothorax, integrating computed tomography-based diagnostic evaluation with combined thoracoscopic and laparoscopic lymphatic interventions. This comprehensive, minimally invasive approach, enhanced by real-time ICG visualization, offers a potent therapeutic option when conventional, single-cavity treatments fail. Key clinical message: This report describes for the first time a sequential and minimally invasive surgical approach to treat feline idiopathic chylothorax, by combining completely endoscopic (thoracoscopic and laparoscopic), ICG-guided TDO, intra-abdominal lymphatic vessel occlusion, and cisterna chyli incision. Moreover, this case showed that ICG can be effectively and noninvasively administered to the paw pads, obviating the need for invasive abdominal surgery.

A 14-year-old spayed female Siamese cat was presented with signs consistent with a rapidly progressive cranial polyneuropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an extra-axial mass at the calvarial floor, extending caudally to involve bilateral trigeminal nerves and rostrally to involve the pituitary gland and optic chiasm. Additional findings included contrast-enhancing content within the bilateral tympanic bullae, mild mandibular and medial retropharyngeal lymphadenopathy, and a left tonsillar mass. Cytologic and histopathologic findings confirmed tonsillar lymphoma. The concurrent intracranial mass and the middle ear content were presumed to represent the same disease process, but the diagnosis was not confirmed. Oral glucocorticoid and lomustine were effective in resolving the dropped jaw and facial hypoesthesia. Neurogenic dry eye and corneal hypoesthesia also improved gradually, leading to complete resolution of secondary bilateral corneal ulcers by 20 wk after initiation of the oral chemotherapy. The cat remained in clinical remission throughout this period and survived for 166 d after the diagnosis. This is the first report of tonsillar lymphoma without oropharyngeal clinical signs in a cat presented with signs suggestive of concurrent intracranial involvement, leading to a rapidly progressive bilateral cranial polyneuropathy. Key clinical message: Lymphoma should be considered as an important differential diagnosis in cats with cranial polyneuropathy. Feline tonsillar lymphoma can exhibit concurrent central nervous system involvement without detectable disease in other organs.

This report describes a rare case of bilateral congenital aphakia with anterior segment malformation in a 12-week-old male cocker spaniel puppy. The puppy was initially suspected of having glaucoma and was subsequently diagnosed with anterior segment dysgenesis and aphakia resulting in blindness. Ophthalmic examination showed corneal opacity, absence of pupillary openings, and negative pupillary light reflexes. B-mode and high-frequency ultrasonography showed absence of the lens, poorly defined anterior chambers, and hyperechoic tissue adherent to the cornea, consistent with anterior segment dysgenesis. Unlike in similar cases in other species, enucleation was not indicated due to ocular stability and absence of discomfort. The puppy demonstrated functional adaptation to blindness and remained under close ophthalmic monitoring. This case underscores the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in identifying congenital aphakia and associated anterior segment abnormalities in dogs, facilitating early diagnosis and management. Key clinical message: Congenital aphakia is a rare developmental ocular abnormality that may occur with other anterior segment defects. Ocular ultrasonography is a valuable, noninvasive, diagnostic tool for evaluating intraocular structures when direct intraocular examination is not possible.

A 3-year-old quarter horse cross mare was presented to the Atlantic Veterinary College (Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island) for evaluation of a persistent draining tract on the ventral aspect of the left mandible, associated with a previous fracture. Radiography and ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a chronic sequestrum separated from the parent bone. Sequestrectomy and surgical debridement of the mandible were carried out, and the horse was discharged. Three months later, the mare was presented again to the Atlantic Veterinary College, as the draining tract had not resolved. A CT scan of the mare's skull revealed infection of Tooth 310. The tooth was surgically removed. The animal was discharged, and clinical signs were resolved at the 1-month recheck examination. Key clinical message: The importance of CT in diagnosing tooth involvement secondary to a mandibular fracture is described. In addition, the growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole due to prolonged use and frequent usage in equine practice is highlighted.