Tattoo inflammation with uveitis (TIU) is increasingly recognised but growing case numbers have revealed substantial heterogeneity. Patients currently classified as TIU appear to include those with overt or evolving systemic sarcoidosis as well as those with isolated, pigment-associated ocular inflammation. Recognition has therefore outpaced case definition. Phenotypic imprecision has clinical and scientific implications. Sarcoidosis-associated TIU warrants multidisciplinary evaluation and longitudinal surveillance, whereas other presentations may reflect a localised pigment-driven immune response. In rare conditions such as TIU, even modest cohort heterogeneity can obscure reproducible biological signals and impede mechanistic understanding. Recurring clinical patterns suggest distinct TIU phenotypes, with emerging translational data providing preliminary biological support for these distinctions. We therefore propose a classification framework comprising three groups: TIU-R (restricted), TIU-S (sarcoidosis-associated), and TIU-U (undifferentiated), intended to support consistent reporting, appropriate multidisciplinary referral, and coherent translational investigation. Establishing robust case definitions now will be foundational for future clinical and mechanistic research.

Glaucoma frequently coexists with cataract, but glaucomatous functional loss, ocular-surface disease, anatomical abnormalities, and treatment-related refractive variability may reduce tolerance of premium intraocular lenses. This narrative review critically appraises evidence relevant to lens selection in glaucoma. Central visual-field status, contrast sensitivity, fixation, disease stability, anterior-segment anatomy, intraocular pressure control, topical treatment, previous or anticipated glaucoma surgery, and lifetime progression risk should inform decision-making. Enhanced monofocal lenses may improve intermediate vision while preserving distance vision and functional reserve in selected patients with ocular hypertension, preperimetric glaucoma, or early, stable open-angle glaucoma. Selected extended depth-of-focus lenses may be considered when central visual function is preserved, whereas toric lenses require regular, repeatable astigmatism and stable capsular-zonular support. Current evidence does not support routine multifocal lens implantation in established glaucoma. Selection should remain individualised, evidence-calibrated and supported by explicit counselling about uncertainty, dysphotopsias, future progression and possible refractive change after glaucoma surgery.