To review evidence on the role of circulating biomarkers associated with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) and adverse outcomes in people with PAD.

Pregnancy represents a stress test that provides insights into maternal cardiovascular health across the life course. Cardiovascular biomarkers are widely used outside of pregnancy for diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular disease, yet their interpretation and clinical utility during pregnancy remain poorly understood. This review summarizes current evidence on cardiovascular biomarkers in pregnancy, including traditional cardiac biomarkers, emerging biomarkers, and digital biomarkers, and areas requiring further investigation.

To evaluate the reasons underlying the translational failure of cardioprotection in reperfused ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and propose a framework for designing future clinical cardioprotection trials.

To summarize the current understanding of the relationships between endogenous and exogenous androgens and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women.

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] remains a well-established, genetically determined predictor of cardiovascular risk due to its pro-atherogenic and pro-thrombotic effects. This review examines the paradoxical relationship between Lp(a) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), where Lp(a) levels decline with advanced fibrosis despite persistently elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.

This review examines cardiovascular complications of multiple myeloma and anti-myeloma therapy, emphasising integrated systems-based cardiovascular management and the institutional model developed at the University College London Hospital Cardio-Oncology (CO) Centre of Excellence.

This review highlights differences in pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnostic challenges and therapeutic responses of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in women.

Heart failure in patients with congenital heart disease and particularly single ventricle physiology at all stages of palliation presents significant management challenges. Ventricular assist device (VAD) use in this population is increasing. This review summarizes the recent outcomes, physiologic considerations, and challenges of VAD therapy at each stage of single ventricle palliation.

Data on transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) have been widely reported in pediatric but not adult patients. This paper serves as an overview of the currently available evidence and supplements it with additional data from our multi-centre registry.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) affect 5-10% of pregnancies globally and are a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Beyond their acute obstetrics impact, HDP unmask a lifelong cardiovascular (CV) vulnerability in affected women and confer intergenerational risk to their offspring. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In this review, we discuss the latest evidence regarding the CV risk profiles following HDP in the mothers and their offspring. RECENT FINDINGS: In mothers, HDP is associated with a 7.29-fold increased risk of new chronic hypertension (HTN) within 24 months postpartum and long-term risks of heart failure, coronary heart disease and stroke. Offspring exposed carry a 1.5-fold increased risk for adult HTN and increased risks for ischemic heart disease and stroke. We review evidence on potential pathophysiologic mechanisms including shared genetic, epigenetic programming and persistent immune dysregulation that contribute to the CV risk. We make recommendations on surveillance strategies in mothers and their offspring beginning in the immediate postpartum period and for lifelong follow-up. Management strategies of the CV risk factors, using latest guidelines are discussed. We suggest future directions for research and intervention. Integrated maternal-offspring CV care, women-specific risk prediction tools and equity focused research are needed to reduce the intergenerational burden of HDP.

Intraprocedural anticoagulation during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains particularly challenging in high-risk and underrepresented populations, where the balance between thrombotic and bleeding risk is complex and often unpredictable. This review summarizes contemporary evidence and remaining knowledge gaps regarding anticoagulant selection, dosing, and monitoring in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease, cirrhosis, nonagenarians, thrombocytopenia, chronic oral anticoagulation, mechanical circulatory support, and STEMI following fibrinolytic therapy.

Postnatal shutdown of the mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle underpins limited regenerative capacity of the adult heart. An epigenetic programme regulates a switch at birth from a proliferative state to functional maturity. Identification of the molecular components regulating this switch has revealed therapeutic opportunities for heart regeneration that have started entering the clinic.

Intraprocedural anticoagulation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory is essential to prevent thrombus formation on catheters, guidewires, and stents while minimizing bleeding risk. This review summarizes contemporary evidence and guideline recommendations for anticoagulation strategies during diagnostic catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

This review summarizes contemporary evidence regarding sex-based differences in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), including disparities in presentation, disease progression, outcomes, and management.

This literature review highlights the recent evidence and guidelines for endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with large-core infarctions, basilar artery occlusions, and patients presenting in the late-window.