- Spatially distinct molecular and immune responses to ozone exposure during mutant surfactant protein-C-induced lung injury. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Oct 03; :1-16. [Online ahead of print]IT
- CONCLUSIONS: These data identify O3 exposure as a modifier of regional inflammatory and stress-response pathways with modest effects on disease progression in the SP-C mutant lung.
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- Role of PTCH1 receptor polymorphisms in the SHH signalling pathway as determinants of COPD severity and functional impairment. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Sep 08; :1-12. [Online ahead of print]IT
- CONCLUSIONS: The PTCH1 rs56161606 polymorphism did not correlate with overall COPD susceptibility but appeared to be a possible genetic modulator of disease severity, affecting pulmonary function and phenotype-specific clinical symptoms. These results highlight the significance of Hedgehog signaling in airway remodeling and tissue repair mechanisms that contribute to the clinical heterogeneity of COPD.
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- Inhaled aerosol dosimetry update. [Review]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Aug 05; :1-11. [Online ahead of print]IT
- CONCLUSIONS: Internal aerosol dosimetry research continues to advance through improved models, exposure systems, and mechanistic understanding of deposited particle behavior. However, addressing dose variability, standardizing alternative testing methods, and improving data sharing remain essential for advancing risk assessment and supporting more accurate evaluations of inhaled particle effects on human health.
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- Respiratory health outcomes following co-exposure to subchronic high temperature, episodic wildfire smoke exposure, and high-cholesterol diet. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Sep; 38(8):433-454.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest functional impairment at HT, exacerbated by WFES, linked to dysregulation of stress without affecting structural integrity of respiratory tract.
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- Sex-specific associations between ambient air pollution exposure thresholds and lung function in middle-aged and older Canadians: an analysis of CLSA data. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Jul 15; :1-17. [Online ahead of print]IT
- CONCLUSIONS: Sex significantly modified the inverse associations between ambient air pollution exposure thresholds and lung function, with greater reductions observed in males. These associations occurred at exposure thresholds at or below current regulatory standards, underscoring the need for continuous reassessment of air quality guidelines to better protect respiratory health.
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- Evaluation of exposure to asbestos from the cutting of cement pipe with a powered saw. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Sep; 38(8):455-468.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: All calculated TWAs were well below contemporaneous OSHA permissible exposure limits of 2 f/cc and higher. Estimated cumulative exposures were 0.061 f/cc-years (chrysotile) and 0.023 f/cc-years (crocidolite) for above-ground cutting, and 0.98 f/cc-years (chrysotile) and 0.13 f/cc-years (crocidolite) for trench conditions. These doses were below published no-observed-adverse-effect levels (NOAELs) for both fiber types. Chrysotile exposures were substantially lower than reported NOAEL ranges (100-300 f/cc-years), while crocidolite exposures approached but did not exceed estimated acceptable levels of exposure as derived from epidemiology studies (0.3-0.8 f/cc-years). Although abrasive saw use represents a worst-case scenario, findings indicate that historical occupational risks associated with A/C pipe cutting for the vast majority of workers were overestimated, particularly where manual methods for cutting or exposure controls were implemented.
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- Evaluating the toxicity of polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics in human bronchial epithelial cells: differences and challenges using aerosol and suspension exposures. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Sep; 38(8):469-481.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: Overall, both exposure modalities revealed an inflammatory response toward PS MNPs although with differences, likely due to significant differences in deposited dose.
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- Inhalation exposure to heat-not-burn tobacco aerosol versus combustible cigarette smoke: comparative assessment of respiratory and systemic toxicity in an experimental rat model. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Sep; 38(8):417-432.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings challenge claims of substantially reduced harm for heat-not-burn products and support continued regulatory oversight of inhaled tobacco delivery systems.
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- A Monte Carlo simulation for evaluating hypothetical mesothelioma risk in a person exposed to talcum powder. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Aug; 38(7):355-369.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative risk assessment can be used to evaluate possible health outcomes of airborne exposure to talcum powder.
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- Association of exposure to environmental heavy metals with markers of sepsis susceptibility: a population-based study from NHANES. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Oct; 38(9):513-523.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: In a nationally representative sample, chronic low-level exposure to Pb, Cd, and Hg was independently associated with an immune profile linked to sepsis susceptibility, suggesting environmental metal reduction as a potential population-level strategy to reduce sepsis risk.
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- Regional and size-dependent effects of ambient agricultural particulate matter on Ah-receptor activity and inflammatory responses in human U937 macrophages. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: Ultrafine and fine PM from both sites (PMIV and PMPA) preferentially engaged AhR-dependent signaling, whereas coarse PM activated NF-κB-mediated inflammatory pathways. Overall, this study demonstrates PM size- and time-dependent effects on inflammatory gene expression and highlights a distinction between AhR- and NF-κB-driven responses across PM fractions.
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- Development of alveoli-distributed lung geometry for ferrets to predict particle deposition in the respiratory tract. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Oct; 38(9):483-495.IT
- Ferrets have long served as an important animal model for the study of respiratory infections, inhalation toxicology, and aerosolized therapeutics because of their anatomical and physiological similarities to humans. Despite their widespread use, quantitative models describing particle deposition within the ferret lung remain limited. In this study, we developed a mechanistic dosimetry model to p…
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- Concerns about methodology and inference in Davigo and colleagues' review of heated tobacco products. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Oct; 38(9):524-525.IT
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- Acute ozone exposure results in airway epithelial and immune cell disturbances in mice. [Journal Article]
- CONCLUSIONS: This study elucidates the temporal sequence of events in O3-induced acute lung injury, demonstrating a progression from initial epithelial damage and inflammatory cell infiltration to subsequent epithelial regeneration and inflammation resolution over 204h. These findings provide important insights into the kinetics of O3-induced acute lung injury and repair mechanisms.
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- N-acetylcysteine multifaceted activity in the control of toxicity induced in C57BL/6 mice by long-term inhalation of low-dose formaldehyde. [Journal Article]Inhal Toxicol. 2026 Oct; 38(9):496-512.IT
- CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that NAC exerts protective effects by modulating redox imbalance and inflammatory responses, thereby preventing lung injury and respiratory dysfunction induced by long-term FA inhalation.
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