Scabies is a common itchy rash caused by tiny bugs called mites. Scabies mites live in the top layer of the skin and do not go into the blood or inside the body. People of any age, race, and social group can get scabies, regardless of personal hygiene.

Atrophic papulosis (Köhlmeier-Degos disease) is a rare thrombo-occlusive vasculopathy classically presenting with multiple porcelain-white atrophic papules and a high risk of progression to systemic involvement. We report a 2-year-old girl presenting with clinical, dermoscopic, and histologic findings of atrophic papulosis with only a solitary lesion. She had no progression of disease over the subsequent four years. This case suggests that solitary lesions of atrophic papulosis may remain clinically stable over extended follow-up.

Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare epidermal differentiation disorder characterized by thick hyperkeratotic plates, fissuring, and high neonatal morbidity. Long-term management remains challenging. We report two children with genetically confirmed HI who demonstrated meaningful improvement in pruritus, erythema, scaling, and overall well-being following dupilumab therapy, suggesting a potential role for IL-4/IL-13 blockade as an adjunct or alternative treatment in HI.

Warts are a common pediatric condition caused by human papillomavirus. Immunotherapy is a well-studied treatment for warts and is classically administered via intralesional injection with a syringe and needle. We report a case of warts in a 12-year-old boy who achieved complete resolution following two sessions of pain-free, and needleless, intralesional Candida antigen administered using a needle free jet injection device. This is a less painful alternative for administration of intralesional immunotherapy, particularly useful in pediatric or needle phobic patients.

Dermatologists play a central role in the diagnosis and medical management of vascular anomalies. Currently, vascular anomalies are categorized into vascular tumors and vascular malformations. The latest designations for the numerous types of vascular lesions are delineated in the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies website (www.issva.org). The arenas for the therapy for hemangiomas, the most common vascular tumor, have been studied extensively and have been recognized as standard of care by the Society for Pediatric Dermatology, the American Academy of Dermatology and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Options for hemangioma treatment include systemic beta-blockers such as propranolol, atenolol, and nadolol, and the topical beta-blocker timolol. Vascular malformations and overgrowth syndromes encompass a separate set of treatment regimens. Recent pharmacological and technological advances in the medical management of vascular anomalies have decreased the need for surgery in many patients while also leading to improved outcomes and quality of life. This review will guide the dermatologist through the current medical treatment landscape for vascular malformations.

Progressive hemifacial atrophy (PHA) or Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare, insidiously progressive disorder that typically presents in childhood and is considered part of the morphea spectrum. This longitudinal, ambispective, observational study included 8 pediatric patients (4 female) diagnosed with PHA, with a mean age at symptom onset of 4.5 ± 2 years and at diagnosis of 8.2 ± 2.9 years. All 8 patients presented superficial and deep cutaneous findings (dyspigmentation, dermal and subcutaneous atrophy, and facial asymmetry); 7 had associated extracutaneous abnormalities (maxillofacial, ophthalmological, and neurological), all received systemic immunosuppressive therapy (average of 2.2 ± 1 regimens for a mean duration of 35.2 ± 29.3 months), and 4 had subsequent fat grafting procedures. In conclusion, pediatric patients with PHA suffer an important diagnostic delay, require long-term treatment with multiple immunosuppressive drugs and surgical interventions, as well as multidisciplinary management of frequent associated extracutaneous abnormalities.

We present a case of a 4-year-old girl who underwent two planned staged surgical resections of a benign-appearing medium-sized congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) on the right buttock. The nevus was 4 cm in diameter, medium brown in color, and exhibited central hypertrichosis with mild cobblestoning. Ten days after the first excision, a striking depigmented halo was noted around the residual nevus, which over time progressed to complete clinical regression of the residual CMN. While spontaneous development of the halo phenomenon in CMNs has been previously reported, no cases of this immune response occurring immediately after surgical excision have been documented in the pediatric population.

Palmoplantar epidermal differentiation disorders (pEDDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by hyperkeratotic thickening of the palms and soles due to pathogenic variants in genes that regulate palmoplantar epidermal differentiation and keratinization. Among these, KRT16-pEDD is caused by heterozygous mutations in the KRT16 gene and may present clinically either as isolated palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) or as part of the broader phenotype of pachyonychia congenita. This report describes a rare bi-allelic pattern of inheritance involving a presumed loss-of-function variant in KRT16, thereby extending the clinical and genetic spectrum of KRT16-related disorders, and highlighting important implications for variant interpretation and genetic counseling.

Oral Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) are increasingly used for pediatric and young adult alopecia areata (AA), yet patient-reported satisfaction and perspectives on benefit-risk tradeoffs remain limited. Patients ≤ 25 years with physician-diagnosed AA receiving oral JAKi at a tertiary pediatric dermatology center were surveyed, assessing treatment satisfaction, perceived disease and hair loss severity, continuation decisions under explicit risk framings, and free-text experiences. Among 25 respondents, satisfaction was high, self-rated hair loss severity decreased from treatment initiation to survey completion, and most participants intended to continue therapy despite framing of potential risks such as growth impairments or serious adverse events. Qualitative responses emphasized hair regrowth, good tolerability, and improvements in quality of life and mental health, highlighting outcomes central to shared decision-making.