Pharmaceutical quality control laboratories are essential to ensuring the safety and quality of medicines. The World Health Organization (WHO) Good Practices for Pharmaceutical Quality Control Laboratories (GPPQCL) provide a framework for establishing reliable and inspection-ready laboratory systems. This review critically evaluates the implementation of GPPQCL, examining practical challenges, policy gaps, and variability in adoption across different settings. A structured narrative approach was used to analyze World Health Organization (WHO) guidance, international standards, and relevant literature (2010-2026), with an emphasis on inspection expectations and real-world practices. Effective implementation depends on robust quality management systems, validated methods, competent personnel, and strong data integrity practices. However, challenges such as infrastructure limitations, method standardization, and uneven data governance persist, particularly in resource-limited environments. Evidence from WHO-prequalified laboratories shows that risk-based implementation and capacity-building initiatives can support compliance and international recognition. Overall, GPPQCL provides a practical framework for strengthening laboratory systems, enhancing regulatory confidence, and supporting global efforts to ensure the quality of medicines.

Lipid metabolism, coagulation, inflammation, and vascular integrity are closely interconnected biological systems. Although statins are primarily prescribed to reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, increasing evidence indicates that these agents exert multiple pharmacological effects beyond lipid lowering, including modulation of endothelial function, platelet activation, tissue factor expression, thrombin generation, fibrinolysis, and thrombo-inflammation. These pleiotropic properties have generated growing interest in the potential role of statins as adjunctive modulators of thrombotic risk in patients receiving anticoagulant therapy. Venous thromboembolism, which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a major clinical setting in which anticoagulant treatment reduces recurrence and mortality but exposes patients to bleeding complications. Observational studies and registry-based analyses suggest that statin use may be associated with improved outcomes among anticoagulated patients with venous thromboembolism, particularly for all-cause mortality and early survival after pulmonary embolism. At the same time, emerging evidence suggests that very low LDL-C concentrations may be associated with increased bleeding risk during anticoagulation, raising important questions regarding the relationship between lipid availability, vascular stability, platelet function, and hemostatic balance. This review summarizes current pharmacological and clinical evidence linking lipid metabolism, statin therapy, anticoagulation, thrombosis, and bleeding. Particular attention is devoted to the mechanisms through which statins influence hemostatic pathways, the clinical evidence derived from venous thromboembolism cohorts, and the potential implications of LDL-C levels for personalized bleeding risk assessment. Future strategies that integrate lipid profiles, thrombotic and bleeding risk, and pharmacological modulation of coagulation may contribute to more individualized antithrombotic management.

Skin hyperpigmentation is a common dermatological condition characterized by excessive melanin accumulation in the epidermis, dermis, or both, resulting from disorders such as melasma, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, drug-induced hyperpigmentation, and solar lentigo. Conventional treatments are mainly based on tyrosinase inhibition; however, many depigmenting agents have limitations, including low stability, poor skin permeation, prolonged treatment durations, and adverse effects such as irritation and dermatitis. In this context, nanotechnology-based delivery systems have emerged as promising alternatives for the topical administration of depigmenting compounds. Therefore, this review discusses recent advances in nanotechnology-based strategies for treating skin hyperpigmentation, with a primary focus on lipid-based nanosystems, including liposomes, nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers. A total of 33 studies published between 2000 and 2025 were analyzed. The reviewed studies demonstrated that nanoencapsulation may improve the physicochemical stability, enable controlled release, enhance skin permeation/retention, and increase the therapeutic performance of depigmenting agents while reducing toxicity and adverse effects. In vitro studies also reported enhanced tyrosinase inhibition, high cell viability, and increased accumulation of active compounds in different skin layers. Overall, nanotechnology-based delivery systems represent a promising and versatile approach for improving the efficacy and safety of topical treatments for skin hyperpigmentation.