| Title | Muscle activation in therapeutic exercises to improve trunk stability. | | Author(s) | Vezina MJ, Hubley-Kozey CL | | Institution | Canadian Forces Health Care Center Support Unit, Ottawa, Ontario. | | Source | Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000 Oct; 81(10):1370-9. | | MeSH | Abdominal Muscles
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Comparative Study
Electromyography
Exercise
Humans
Isometric Contraction
Low Back Pain
Male
Middle Aged
Muscle, Skeletal
Regression Analysis
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
| | Abstract | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative activation amplitudes from 3 abdominal and 2 trunk extensor muscle sites in healthy subjects performing the pelvic tilt, abdominal hollowing, and level 1 of the trunk stability test (TST level 1) exercises and to compare the activation amplitudes among muscle sites and exercises.
DESIGN: Prospective comparative study.
SETTING: Motion Analysis Research Center, Dalhousie University, Canada.
PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-four healthy men (mean age, 30 +/- 8.1 yr [SD]) without low back pain.
INTERVENTIONS: Subjects performed 3 exercises in a balanced order, repeating each exercise 5 times while surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded from the 5 muscle sites. Exercises were divided into 2 phases: movement and stabilization. The root-mean-square amplitude of the EMG for each phase was calculated and normalized to the maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) amplitude for each muscle. A 2-factor repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) tested the muscle by exercise interaction and the main effects for each phase separately.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Normalized activation amplitude was the main dependent variable. Ensemble-average curves were calculated to examine the phasing of activation.
RESULTS: ANOVA showed a statistically significant interaction (p < .05) for both phases, indicating the 3 exercises recruited the 5 muscle sites using different patterns of relative activation. The external oblique (EO) muscle site was activated to higher amplitudes than the other 4 sites in all 3 exercises for both phases. The highest activity was recorded from the EO during the pelvic tilt, just more than 25% of MVIC. The only exercise to recruit the erector spinae to significantly higher amplitudes than the multifidus site was the TST level 1.
CONCLUSIONS: Study exercises were not interchangeable for the patterns of trunk muscle activation amplitudes. The exercises did not recruit the abdominal muscles to adequate levels for strengthening for this healthy sample; however, all 5 muscle sites were activated, forming the basis of a stabilizing exercise approach. | | Language | eng | | Pub Type(s) | Clinical Trial
Journal Article
| | PubMed ID | 11030503 |
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