| Abstract | Carcinoids are characteristically indolent, but heterogeneous tumors with respect to their site of origin, endocrine features, clinical manifestations and biologic behaviour. The authors summarize the current laboratory, endoscopic and radiologic methods used for the diagnosis of carcinoid tumors. Treatment modalities should be directed against the tumor and the hormonal excess state. The authors review the outcome of most frequently used therapies, including somatostatin-analogue and interferon treatment, chemotherapy, embolization, receptor-targeted radiotherapy and surgical intervention). Patients with carcinoid tumors, with or without carcinoid syndrome, are best managed by a multidisciplinary approach. |
