| Title | Aerosolized gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induces expression of the genes encoding the IFN-gamma-inducible 10-kilodalton protein but not inducible nitric oxide synthase in the lung during tuberculosis. | | Author(s) | Raju B, Hoshino Y, Kuwabara K, Belitskaya I, Prabhakar S, Canova A, Gold JA, Condos R, Pine RI, Brown S, Rom WN, Weiden MD | | Institution | Bellevue Chest Service and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. bindu.raju@med.nyu.edu | | Source | Infect Immun 2004 Mar; 72(3):1275-83. | | MeSH | Adult
Aerosols
Base Sequence
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Case-Control Studies
Chemokines, CXC
DNA, Complementary
Female
Gene Expression
Humans
In Vitro
Interferon-gamma, Recombinant
Lung
Male
Middle Aged
Nitric Oxide Synthase
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
RNA, Messenger
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
| | Abstract | Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) is critical in the immune response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In an ongoing trial of aerosol IFN-gamma in conjunction with standard drug therapy, we have observed activation of IFN signaling in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells from tuberculosis (TB) patients. We hypothesized that aerosol IFN-gamma treatment of pulmonary TB would increase expression of genes important for the control of TB. We investigated the expression of downstream genes by measuring inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the chemokine IFN-inducible 10-kDa protein (IP-10) by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. In vitro, M. tuberculosis induced IP-10, and IFN-gamma stimulated this further, with no effect on iNOS expression. We studied 21 patients with pulmonary TB and 7 healthy subjects. Similar to the in vitro model, IP-10 mRNA was increased in BAL cells from TB patients and was augmented after treatment with aerosolized IFN-gamma. TB was also associated with elevated iNOS mRNA, but aerosolized IFN-gamma did not further enhance expression. Genomic analysis identified 1,300 of 4,058 genes expressed in BAL cells from six TB patients before and after 1 month of therapy, including aerosolized IFN-gamma. However, only 15 genes were differentially regulated by IFN-gamma. We conclude that iNOS and IP-10 mRNA expression is increased in TB but that aerosol IFN-gamma treatment increases expression of few genes in the human lung. | | Language | eng | | Pub Type(s) | Journal Article
| | PubMed ID | 14977928 |
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