| Title | Long-term effects of caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity. | | Author(s) | Schmidt B, Roberts RS, Davis P, Doyle LW, Barrington KJ, Ohlsson A, Solimano A, Tin W, Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity Trial Group | | Institution | Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. schmidt@mcmaster.ca | | Source | N Engl J Med 2007 Nov 8; 357(19):1893-902. | | MeSH | Apnea
Body Size
Caffeine
Central Nervous System Stimulants
Cerebral Palsy
Citrates
Developmental Disabilities
Epilepsy
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Premature
Infant, Premature, Diseases
Infant, Very Low Birth Weight
Logistic Models
Male
Odds Ratio
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Survival Rate
| | Abstract | BACKGROUND: Methylxanthine therapy is commonly used for apnea of prematurity but in the absence of adequate data on its efficacy and safety. It is uncertain whether methylxanthines have long-term effects on neurodevelopment and growth.
METHODS: We randomly assigned 2006 infants with birth weights of 500 to 1250 g to receive either caffeine or placebo until therapy for apnea of prematurity was no longer needed. The primary outcome was a composite of death, cerebral palsy, cognitive delay (defined as a Mental Development Index score of <85 on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development), deafness, or blindness at a corrected age of 18 to 21 months.
RESULTS: Of the 937 infants assigned to caffeine for whom adequate data on the primary outcome were available, 377 (40.2%) died or survived with a neurodevelopmental disability, as compared with 431 of the 932 infants (46.2%) assigned to placebo for whom adequate data on the primary outcome were available (odds ratio adjusted for center, 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64 to 0.93; P=0.008). Treatment with caffeine as compared with placebo reduced the incidence of cerebral palsy (4.4% vs. 7.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.87; P=0.009) and of cognitive delay (33.8% vs. 38.3%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.99; P=0.04). The rates of death, deafness, and blindness and the mean percentiles for height, weight, and head circumference at follow-up did not differ significantly between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Caffeine therapy for apnea of prematurity improves the rate of survival without neurodevelopmental disability at 18 to 21 months in infants with very low birth weight. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00182312 [ClinicalTrials.gov].). | | Language | eng | | Pub Type(s) | Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
| | PubMed ID | 17989382 |
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