| Title | A pharmacokinetic evaluation of five H(1) antagonists after an oral and intravenous microdose to human subjects. | | Author(s) | Madan A, O'Brien Z, Wen J, O'Brien C, Farber RH, Beaton G, Crowe P, Oosterhuis B, Garner RC, Lappin G, Bozigian HP | | Institution | Neurocrine Biosciences, San Diego, CA 92130, USA. amadan@neurocrine.com | | Source | Br J Clin Pharmacol 2009 Mar; 67(3):288-98. | | Abstract | AIMS: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics (PK) of five H(1) receptor antagonists in human volunteers after a single oral and intravenous (i.v.) microdose (0.1 mg).
METHODS: Five H(1) receptor antagonists, namely NBI-1, NBI-2, NBI-3, NBI-4 and diphenhydramine, were administered to human volunteers as a single 0.1-mg oral and i.v. dose. Blood samples were collected up to 48 h, and the parent compound in the plasma extract was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography and accelerator mass spectroscopy.
RESULTS: The median clearance (CL), apparent volume of distribution (V(d)) and apparent terminal elimination half-life (t(1/2)) of diphenhydramine after an i.v. microdose were 24.7 l h(-1), 302 l and 9.3 h, and the oral C(max) and AUC(0-infinity) were 0.195 ng ml(-1) and 1.52 ng h ml(-1), respectively. These data were consistent with previously published diphenhydramine data at 500 times the microdose. The rank order of oral bioavailability of the five compounds was as follows: NBI-2 > NBI-1 > NBI-3 > diphenhydramine > NBI-4, whereas the rank order for CL was NBI-4 > diphenhydramine > NBI-1 > NBI-3 > NBI-2.
CONCLUSIONS: Human microdosing provided estimates of clinical PK of four structurally related compounds, which were deemed useful for compound selection. | | Language | eng | | Pub Type(s) | Journal Article
| | PubMed ID | 19523012 |
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