Augustyniak RA, Picken MM, Leonard D, Zhou XJ, Zhang W, Victor RG
SYMPATHETIC NERVES AND THE PROGRESSION OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE DURING 5/6 NEPHRECTOMY: STUDIES N SYMPATHECTOMIZED RATS. [JOURNAL ARTICLE]
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2009 Jun 29.
1. Chronically increased sympathetic nerve activity is present during chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, its role in contributing to hypertension or the progression of CKD remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to determine if neonatal sympathectomy attenuates hypertension in 5/6 nephrectomized rats and affects renal structure and function in a blood pressure independent manner. 2. We performed 5/6 nephrectomy (referred to as CKD) in both sympathetically-intact and sympathectomized (injected neonatally with guanethidine, referred to as CKD+Sympath) male Sprague Dawley rats. Sham operated sympathetically-intact and sympathectomized rats (referred to as Sham and Sham+Sympath, respectively) were used as the control groups. Radiotelemetry was used to monitor blood pressure throughout the six week duration of the study, after which renal function and histology were assessed. 3. The overall average systolic arterial pressure and final urinary protein excretion was significantly lower in the CKD+Sympath rats (168+/-7 mmHg, 33+/-5 mg/24 hr) compared to the CKD rats (184+/-6 mmHg, 66+/-7 mg/24 hr), respectively. However, the level of proteinuria in the CKD+Sympath group was reduced to a greater extent than what would be expected solely on the basis of lower blood pressure. All other indices of renal function and histology were comparable between both CKD groups. All measurements were comparable between Sham and Sham+Sympath groups. 4. We conclude the following: (1) sympathectomy attenuated hypertension by approximately one-third in 5/6 nephrectomized rats, and (2) sympathetic nerves to the kidney during 5/6 nephrectomy may contribute to proteinuria in a blood pressure independent manner.
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