Efficacy of permethrin treated long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria transmission and observations on the perceived side effects, collateral benefits and human safety in a hyperendemic tribal area of Orissa, India. Acta tropica [Acta Trop] Journal article | | Title | Efficacy of permethrin treated long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria transmission and observations on the perceived side effects, collateral benefits and human safety in a hyperendemic tribal area of Orissa, India. | | Author(s) | Sharma SK, Tyagi PK, Upadhyay AK, Haque MA, Mohanty SS, Raghavendra K, Dash AP | | Institution | National Institute of Malaria Research, Field Station, Rourkela 769002, Orissa, India. suryaksharma@gmail.com | | Source | Acta Trop 2009 Nov; 112(2):181-7. | | MeSH | Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Animals
Anopheles
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Humans
Incidence
India
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Insecticides
Longitudinal Studies
Malaria, Falciparum
Male
Middle Aged
Mosquito Control
Permethrin
Plasmodium falciparum
Prevalence
Protective Devices
Young Adult
| | Abstract | Studies were conducted on the efficacy of Olyset nets-a long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) factory treated with 2% (w/w) permethrin on malaria transmission in an area under the influence of pyrethroid susceptible vector species Anopheles culicifacies and A. fluviatilis in Sundargarh District, Orissa, India. The study area comprised 22 villages that were randomized into three clusters and designated as Olyset net, untreated net, and no net area. Malaria incidence in the study population was measured through longitudinal active surveillance at fortnightly intervals. There was a reduction of 65-70% in malaria incidence in Olyset net area as compared to the control areas. The attack rate of Plasmodium falciparum or number of episodes per person per year in different age groups also showed significant reduction in Olyset net area as compared to untreated net and no net areas. Cross-sectional point prevalence surveys showed 45.7% reduction of malaria prevalence in Olyset net users, whereas there was an increase of 33.3% and 51% in untreated net and no net villages respectively. The compliance rate of Olyset net usage in the study population was 80-98% during different months, whereas it was between 70% and 90% for untreated nets. There were minimal complains of skin irritation (4%), itching (8%) and eye irritation (1.2%). However, these effects were only transitory in nature lasting for few hours of the first usage. Olyset nets also provided collateral benefits in terms of relief not only from mosquitoes and malaria but also from other household pests such as head lice, bed bugs, cockroaches, ants and houseflies. The Olyset nets were found to be safe to humans as no adverse event was recorded in the net users that can be attributed to the use of net. The study showed that Olyset nets are effective personal protection tool that can be used in a community based intervention programme. | | Language | eng | | Pub Type(s) | Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
| | PubMed ID | 19647715 |
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