Rawlings CA
Diagnostic rigid endoscopy: otoscopy, rhinoscopy, and cystoscopy. [Journal Article]
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2009 Sep; 39(5):849-68.
Diagnostic examinations are markedly improved by using rigid endoscopy in the ear, nasal cavity, and urinary tract. This article presents the procedure, equipment, indications, and examples of abnormalities of rigid endoscopy in these areas. Textbooks, "hands-on" courses, and in-hospital training are methods for learning about these techniques and their applications. In addition to improving diagnostics, endoscopy can also be used for therapy in these three body areas.
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