| Title | Determinants of resting energy expenditure in young children. | | Author(s) | Goran MI, Kaskoun M, Johnson R | | Institution | Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294. | | Source | J Pediatr 1994 Sep; 125(3):362-7. | | MeSH | Adipose Tissue
Adult
Body Composition
Body Height
Body Mass Index
Body Weight
Child
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Energy Metabolism
European Continental Ancestry Group
Female
Humans
Indians, North American
Male
Middle Aged
New York
Parents
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Rest
Sex Factors
| | Abstract | Resting energy expenditure (REE) in adults is influenced by fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM), and is significantly higher in men than in women. There are limited data, however, on the physiologic determinants of REE in children. We therefore measured REE in 113 prepubertal children (39 white girls, 41 white boys, 21 Mohawk girls, and 12 Mohawk boys), 3.9 to 7.8 years of age, representing a wide range of body weight (14.7 to 34.0 kg), height (0.97 to 1.30 m), FFM (10.3 to 25.0 kg), and FM (1.7 to 13.7 kg; 9.4% to 40.3%). The REE was measured in duplicate by indirect calorimetry (range, 830 to 1405 kcal/day) while the children were in a postprandial state and viewing a cartoon film. The FM and FFM values were determined by bioelectrical resistance by means of the Kushner equation. In stepwise regression analysis, the combination of FFM (p < 0.001; partial r = 0.77), sex (p = 0.001; partial r = 0.12), and FM (p = 0.01; partial r = 0.16) explained 63% of the variation in REE. The regression coefficients were 31.9 kcal/kg FFM, 53 kcal for boys, 0 for girls, and 13 kcal/kg FM. Mohawk background, age, fat distribution, heart rate, and physical activity were not independently associated with REE. After REE was adjusted for the aforementioned significant factors, there were no significant correlations with parental factors (body composition, physical activity, age, and REE) other than normalized maternal REE (r = 0.19; p = 0.05). We conclude that the effects of FFM, sex, and FM on REE in children are similar to those in adults. The higher REE in young boys suggests that the previously reported higher REE in adult men cannot be explained entirely by differences in sex hormones. Finally, our data do not support the hypothesis that REE in children is negatively influenced by obesity in children or in parents. | | Language | eng | | Pub Type(s) | Journal Article
| | PubMed ID | 8071742 |
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