Muscle health can decline from the third decade of life, potentially leading to the disease sarcopenia, which is characterised by low skeletal muscle mass, strength, and/ or impaired physical function. Sarcopenia is a serious condition associated with many chronic conditions and increased healthcare costs, emphasising the need for early detection and intervention. However, in routine clinical practice, muscle health remains poorly recognised, underappreciated and rarely considered.

The algae-partial nitrification/anammox (A-PNA) process offers significant advantages for carbon-neutral wastewater nitrogen removal. This study successfully established a zero-aeration filamentous algal-PNA (FA-PNA) granular system by incorporating Pantanalinema sp. under stepwise increasing light intensities (0, 15, 60 and 90 μmol·m[-2]·s[-1]). Increasing light intensity promoted the enrichment of extracellular polymeric substances and filamentous algae, facilitating granular growth and achieving a nitrogen removal rate of 85 mg N·(L·d)[-1]. Quorum-sensing signaling molecules concentration increased significantly with light intensity, particularly C6-HSL (p < 0.05). Symbiotic network and transcriptomic analyses identified Pantanalinema sp. served as a central interactive hub. It formed potential cross-feeding network with the microorganisms (Nitrosomonas europaea, Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis, and Denitratisoma sp.) based on B vitamins (vitamin B1, vitamin B2, biotin, folate, and cobalamin) and molybdenum cofactor (MOCO). Under elevated light, these microorganisms upregulated the transcriptional expression levels of key genes involved in B vitamins and MOCO synthesis, signaling molecule production, and reactive oxygen species scavenging, forming an integrated network. This synergistic "stress protection-signaling-metabolite exchange" network effectively alleviated light-induced metabolic suppression. Additionally, Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis exhibited superior light adaptation potential compared to Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis_A and Candidatus Jettenia sp., identifying its suitability for FA-PNA systems. Overall, FA-PNA system provides a promising route for low-energy, carbon-negative nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment.

Apigeninidin (APN) is a flavonoid belonging to the 3-deoxyanthocyanidin family, exhibiting diverse biological activities and representing a potential natural antitumor compound. However, the poor lipophilicity and cell membrane permeability of APN limit its bioavailability and antitumor activity. To overcome these limitations, we designed a site-specific propynylation strategy and synthesized two derivatives, APN-A and APN-B, investigating how targeted modification alters APN's antitumor activity. Comparative analysis of the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of these compounds revealed that APN-A exhibited significantly enhanced cell membrane permeability and increased anticancer activity against cervical cancer cells compared to the parent compound APN. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that APN-A can dramatically reduce the viability of cervical cancer cells, inhibited cell proliferation and migration, and synergistically potentiate the antitumor efficacy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). In addition, chemical proteomics enrichment analyses indicated that APN-A shows its antitumor effects primarily by targeting and inhibiting processes such as DNA replication and protein transcription-translation in cancer cells via targeting proteins such as PARP-1, EIF3J, and TCEA1. These findings provide a methodological reference and mechanistic insight for the propynyl modification of APN, and highlight its potential applications in the food industry and drug development.

This is the second edition of the Nursing: Mental Health & Community Concepts OER textbook that has been developed specifically for prelicensure nursing students. Content is based on the Wisconsin Technical College System (WTCS) statewide nursing curriculum for the Nursing Mental Health & Community Concepts course (543-114), the 2023 NCLEX-RN Test Plan, the American Psychiatric Nurses Association Education Council’s Crosswalk Toolkit: Defining and Using Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Skills in Undergraduate Nursing Education, and the Wisconsin Nurse Practice Act. Here is a summary of updates made to the second edition. This book discusses mental health and community health concepts while emphasizing stress management techniques, healthy coping strategies, referrals to community resources, and other preventative interventions. Nursing care for individuals with specific mental health and substance use disorders is examined, and the nurse’s role in community health needs assessments and caring for vulnerable populations is introduced. Overall updates to the second edition were made based on feedback received from a WTCS faculty workgroup and include the following: Learning objectives were updated based on revised WTCS state curriculum. Content, including DSM-5 criteria and definitions, was updated with content from DSM-5-TR. Content based on the ANA Code of Ethics was updated to reflect the 2025 edition. Hyperlinks to supplementary information were updated. Nursing process sections were standardized across all chapters based on content originally included in Chapter 4 (“Application of the Nursing Process to Mental Health Care”). The NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model steps were included in parentheses next to the steps of the nursing process (e.g., Recognize Cues, Analyze Cues, Generate Solutions, Take Action, and Evaluate Outcomes). The “Assessment” sections were standardized and include Mental Status Examination, Psychosocial Assessment, a sample PQRSTU assessment with client responses for assessing the reason they are seeking health care, Suicide and Self-Injury Screening, Cultural Assessment, Spiritual Assessment with sample client responses, and Life Span Considerations. The “Implementation” sections include tables summarizing nursing interventions based on categories of the APNA Implementation Standard and common physiological concerns. Communication tips were also included with rationale. New Next Generation-style case studies were added to every chapter to help students develop clinical judgment and prepare for the NCLEX. Several supplementary YouTube videos were added to enhance student comprehension of the content. Here is a document summarizing the updates made to the second edition. This e book is free with CC BY 4.0 licensing and can be viewed online or downloaded in multiple formats for offline use. It is part of the Open RN© Nursing OER textbook series, originally funded by a $2.5 million Open Textbook Pilot grant from the Department of Education with continued funding by WisTech Open. This book was written by subject matter experts and is based on reliable scholarly research and evidence.

Mangroves are vital for climate change adaptation and mitigation due to their efficient carbon sequestration and coastal protection roles providing often untapped opportunities for countries to enhance their national climate commitments (including the so-called Nationally Determined Contributions) under the Paris Agreement adopted at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) COP21 in 2015. In Africa, several countries possess mangroves and have signed the Paris Agreement, however, the level of integration of mangrove actions into the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) has not been adequately explored. Using a systematic review methodology, 33 African countries possessing mangroves were selected and their NDCs were reviewed, scored, and ranked to assess their level of integration of mangrove ecosystems into their NDCs. Countries like Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Senegal, and Sudan demonstrate commendable progress and leadership in integrating mangroves within their NDCs. However, gaps in budgetary commitments, spatial planning, and temporal specificity for mangrove actions among a majority of the countries hinder broader mangrove inclusion. The study also revealed a disconnect between research outputs and policy frameworks, where countries with increased mangrove research output in Africa failed to integrate mangrove actions into their NDCs. To increase African countries' resilience to climate risks and contributions to global climate goals, there is a need to increase effective collaboration between mangrove researchers, local communities, and policymakers in mangrove-possessing countries. This will bolster public education on mangroves and their inclusion of mangrove actions in their NDCs, ultimately enhancing the implementation of mangrove actions on the ground.

Dog-assisted therapy (DAT) is a complementary therapy that can lead to several therapeutic benefits in different populations, but little investigation has been made about its benefits in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Thus, the present study aimed to explore the biomechanical and functional benefits of DAT in adults with ASD. The study was a non-randomized controlled clinical trial following the CONSORT guidelines, in which 25 adults with ASD participated. Twelve of them were involved in a dog-assisted intervention twice a week with a multidisciplinary team for 10 weeks. Results showed a within-group improvement in the gait (p = 0.041), balance (p = 0.020) and risk of falling (p = 0.022) of adults with ASD who completed dog-assisted intervention. However, no differences were found with the control group. Regarding the number of falls, all the adults who experienced a fall before de DAT decreased its number after the intervention. These results suggest the potential of DAT to address physical problems in groups of patients with difficulties or severe disabilities.