This study evaluated whether ticagrelor use is associated with improved ischemic outcomes compared with clopidogrel in Korean patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. We analyzed patient-level data from 1,199 patients (614 clopidogrel, 585 ticagrelor) enrolled in two prospective registries. Stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied to balance baseline characteristics between the two groups. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or any revascularization. After IPTW adjustment, the weighted incidence of MACE was 8.1% in the clopidogrel group and 5.0% in the ticagrelor group, but this difference did not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio [HR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-1.14; p=0.120). Target vessel failure also showed no significant differences between the groups (HR, 0.54; p=0.177). All-cause death was nominally lower in the ticagrelor group (3.4% vs. 1.1%; HR, 0.33; p=0.025); however, this was not accompanied by a reduction in other ischemic endpoints. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant treatment-by-subgroup interactions across various ischemic- or bleeding-risk features. In conclusion, ticagrelor did not demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in ischemic events compared with clopidogrel in this real-world Korean registry. These findings support the importance of individualized P2Y12 inhibitor selection based on patient-specific risk profiles.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection of the female reproductive tract and is closely associated with dysregulated mucosal immunity. This study investigated how IL-17A/TNFSF10 signaling regulates neutrophil death and VVC progression.

Prion disease is an untreatable, typically rapidly progressive dementia. New drug candidates designed to lower prion protein are now entering clinical trials. To support future pivotal trials, we sought to assemble and analyze a public dataset of natural history data characterizing the symptomatic course of prion disease in order to provide a quantitative basis for modelling and rational trial design.

Female reproduction is an energetically expensive process, so species evolve to balance survival with reproductive output. Many female organisms can temporarily pause their reproduction, including egg development, in response to physiological stress. The cellular mechanisms initiating and maintaining a stress-induced pause in oogenesis have been most extensively studied in Drosophila melanogaster. While the molecular control of paused oogenesis in response to starvation have been well characterized in flies, it remains unknown if these mechanisms are shared by other species with regulated pauses in oogenesis. Eusocial insects are characterized by a reproductive division of labor, with colonies of reproductive queens and sterile female workers. The social paper wasp, Polistes, has a dynamic dominance-based hierarchy for queen status. Worker Polistes are kept sterile by a combination of social and nutritional stressors. Here, we establish Polistes as a model to explore adult female reproductive plasticity. Through immunohistochemistry we have directly compared the Drosophila and Polistes ovarian structure and identified critical regions of the ovary in wasps that undergo regulated cell elimination during reproductive pause in flies. By comparing tissue structure, cell organization and rates of cell death between Polistes queens and workers we identified apoptosis as a key regulator maintaining worker sterility. Critically, this mechanism appears to be partially conserved with that in Drosophila. Finally, we find that changes in the timing and location of cell death in Polistes workers implicate oocyte identity and oocyte growth as additional potential regulators of temporary disruption of oogenesis.

This study examines the physiological mechanisms underlying starvation tolerance and the deterioration of homeostasis prior to death in the ephyrae of the moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea von Lendenfeld, 1884. Ephyrae were starved at 12°C for up to 50 days while monitoring morphological, histochemical, biomolecular, and respiratory changes. Dry mass and contents of protein, collagen, lipids, and carbohydrates declined exponentially throughout starvation. In contrast, DNA content remained stable until approximately 30 days, then decreased abruptly. This pattern indicates that extensive cell loss, rather than gradual biomolecular depletion, is the critical determinant of irrecoverability. Starved ephyrae progressively depleted lipid droplets and protein vacuoles while exhibiting severe tissue atrophy. Individual-specific respiration rates decreased with starvation duration, but carbon-mass-specific rates remained relatively constant. Carbon budget analysis revealed that approximately half of daily mass loss occurs through non-respiratory processes, suggesting substantial organic matter excretion. These combined changes cause an increasing imbalance between energy demand and supply, eventually leading to cellular failure and homeostatic collapse. Remarkably, ephyrae survived considerably beyond the estimated point of no return (PNR50), likely because residual tissues maintained minimal autonomous metabolic function despite weak physiological integration. These findings provide cellular biological insights into starvation physiology in the ephyrae of A. coerulea, demonstrating that the transition from reversible to irreversible starvation is marked by catastrophic cell loss rather than simple resource exhaustion. These physiological constraints during the early planktonic stage have important implications for understanding jellyfish population dynamics in variable marine environments.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants, and it is associated with substantial morbidity, including hospitalization and death. After European Medicine Agency approval of nirsevimab, a monoclonal antibody against RSV, immunization campaigns have been implemented in several European Union countries for administration to children as preventive intervention against severe RSV disease during RSV epidemic season. Monitoring its safety in routine healthcare practice is also important. We described suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) following nirsevimab administration in children aged 0-24 months, reported in the EudraVigilance system between 2023 and 2025. There were 1,923 ADRs, corresponding to 808 cases. By System Organ Class, ADRs mainly included general disorders and administration site conditions, which include nonspecific systemic manifestations and administration-site reactions that cannot be readily assigned to a single organ system (28.4%), infections and infestations (23.3%), respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders (12.2%); by Preferred Terms most frequent were drug ineffective (12.6%), and RSV bronchiolitis (9.6%). In addition, pyrexia, rash, and injection site reactions were also common. This study offered systematic characterization of ADRs following administration of nirsevimab. It found that the reported ADRs are consistent with the safety results from pre- and real-world safety studies. Our study can support the continue monitoring of the real-world safety and guide the planning of analytical observational studies on the safety profile of nirsevimab.