Molecular conformation in n-alk-1-ynes (CnA) is conventionally simplified to an all-planar structure. We report a comprehensive quantum chemical analysis revealing two near-isoenergetic rotamers at the acetylenic terminus: planar ( C s ) and skewed ( C 1 ). The high, symmetric rotational energy barrier ( ≈ 150   meV) arises from unique steric relief near the s p center coupled with electronic stabilization of C 1 . This creates a unique kinetic profile: a Quantum "Trigger Finger" ( α rotation) that enforces an ≈ 50 % : 50 % C s / C 1 ensemble, sharply contrasting with the thermodynamically biased "Stiff Joint" ( δ rotation) of the alkyl chain. This structural degeneracy necessitates ensemble averaging for spectroscopic data interpretation, while the slow interconversion permits kinetic trapping and intentional conformer enrichment during synthesis and molecular junction fabrication. Our work redefines the alkyne anchor, providing a blueprint for accurate interpretation of spectroscopic data and achieving conformational control in molecular electronics.

Although Atopic Dermatitis (AD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently coexist in children, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The "Skin-Brain Axis"(SBA) hypothesis, based on the shared ectodermal origin of the skin and the central nervous system(CNS), provides a theoretical foundation for communication between AD and ADHD. However, standardized biomarkers and direct clinical validation are currently lacking. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), a key cytokine driving skin inflammation in AD, may theoretically influence CNS development via the SBA, thereby contributing to the pathophysiology of ADHD; but this hypothesis has not yet been validated in humans. Based on the SBA, the review integrates the dual role of IL-4 in the pathogenesis of AD and ADHD, explores the possibility of IL-4 acting as a bridging signal between peripheral skin inflammation and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, and summarizes existing clinical and preclinical evidence for IL-4-targeted therapies for AD-ADHD comorbidity, while also highlighting current gaps in evidence and limitations in application. Future research should include prospective clinical trials with neurocognitive assessment and brain imaging as endpoints, using direct neuroimmune effects and indirect effects (such as itch relief and improved sleep) as reference indicators, to systematically evaluate the feasibility of IL-4 inhibitors in controlling neurobehavioral symptoms and provide a practical research pathway for clinical translation.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) arises from immune responses mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) to inhaled allergens, representing one of the most prevalent chronic conditions worldwide. Although AR may not be a serious ailment, it holds clinical relevance as it underpins numerous complications, serves as a major risk factor for suboptimal asthma control, and adversely affects quality of life and productivity in both work and school environments. Prevention and treatment strategies for AR encompass various approaches, including allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), and patient education. Among the treatments for AR, AIT stands out as the only curative intervention. It offers a targeted and long-term solution by modifying the underlying immune response, providing lasting relief for individuals with AR. AIT, which targets individual allergens, is garnering increasing attention due to recent evidence from numerous randomized controlled trials and long-term real-life studies that attest to its effectiveness. By actively altering the immune response, AIT modifies the natural course of allergy, offering benefits that extend beyond the immediate symptom relief. In this updated review, we provide new insights into the roles of diverse immune cells involved in AIT for the treatment of AR. AIT inhibits FcεRⅠactivity, enhances epithelial function, reduces pro-inflammatory ILC2s while promoting immunoregulatory IL-10+ILC2s, augments regulatory DCreg subsets, and drives a shift from Th2 to Th1 immune responses. The objective of this review is to explore the fundamental principles and effectiveness of immunotherapy in the management of AR, as well as to showcase the latest developments in this area of research.

Background and Clinical Significance: Proximal hamstring tendinopathy can occur not only in athletes but also in nonathletes when daily activities impose repetitive tensile or compressive loading at the ischial tuberosity. Because symptoms often resemble piriformis syndrome or lumbar pathology, diagnosis may be delayed; Case Presentation: A woman in her twenties developed buttock pain during desk work. Lumbar MRI was normal, and piriformis blocks provided only temporary relief. Localized tenderness at the ischial tuberosity, pain provocation during sitting, and positive provocation tests suggested proximal hamstring tendinopathy. Ultrasound showed a mildly hypoechoic area at the tendon insertion without definite thickening or tear. Ultrasound-guided injection of levobupivacaine and dexamethasone produced immediate but temporary relief. She continued receiving injections every two weeks, combined with stretching, hip-lift strengthening, and reduced sitting. After 18 injections, her pain improved from a numerical rating scale score of 10 to 0-1; Conclusions: This case demonstrates that proximal hamstring tendinopathy can develop in nonathletes due to lifestyle-related mechanical loading. Characteristic clinical findings and ultrasound evaluation are essential for diagnosis, and ultrasound-guided injection combined with exercise and activity modification provided sustained symptom improvement.

Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering university teaching, research, and administrative work. This study used Q methodology to examine university physical education teachers' AI use intention profiles and to clarify how they position AI within teaching, research, and professional practice.