Antireflux surgery may be required in patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 2 (SMA2), but disease-specific experience is limited. To our knowledge, we report the first robot-assisted Nissen fundoplication in SMA2. A 23-year-old woman with severe gastroesophageal reflux disease, bulbar dysfunction, impaired secretion management, severe restrictive respiratory impairment, a previous failed intubation, and fixed musculoskeletal deformities was referred for surgery. Multidisciplinary planning led to fibreoptic nasotracheal intubation under deep sevoflurane sedation and topical anaesthesia, preserving spontaneous ventilation. Intubation was achieved on the first attempt without desaturation or haemodynamic instability. Robot-assisted Nissen fundoplication with Mikulicz pyloroplasty was completed using adapted positioning and port placement. Robotic liver retraction and suction through a 10-Fr nasogastric tube introduced via a robotic port avoided additional access. Positioning required 30 min, operative time was 110 min, including 65 min of console time, and total procedural time from the start of positioning to skin closure was 140 min. After complete neuromuscular recovery, the patient was extubated 2 h 43 min after surgery directly onto non-invasive ventilation. No complications occurred, and she was discharged on postoperative day 5. At 1 month, contrast imaging confirmed the absence of reflux and satisfactory gastric emptying. At a 4-month multidisciplinary clinical assessment, she reported no reflux-related symptoms and improved management of salivary secretions during ongoing follow-up with our logopedists. Robot-assisted Nissen fundoplication in SMA2 is feasible in expert hands when supported by tailored anaesthetic and surgical planning.

The Textbook of Neonatal Resuscitation is the leading educational resource on neonatal resuscitation, and the ninth edition was released in October 2025, updating the standard of care for newborn resuscitation. The changes in this new edition of NRP are sweeping, with twice as many changes as the previous edition, and include two new highly requested chapters on resuscitation of infants with congenital heart disease and resuscitation of postnatal infants convalescing in the NICU. This narrative review provides in-depth coverage of the changes and discusses the evidence supporting them, enabling clinicians to incorporate them into their everyday practice. With such sweeping changes, individual centers must adapt their approach to resuscitation to their unique circumstances, given their available resources.

Rapid hazardous airborne particle mapping enables localized exposure risk detection and timely intervention. Yet heterogeneous time-varying plumes under ventilation elude sparse fixed sensors or pre-planned scans. We propose an exposure-oriented adaptive robotic framework converting one-shot scanning into iterative sampling for targeted reconstruction. Kernel DM + V was used as the base field reconstruction model, and the framework was evaluated through CFD-based virtual sampling and a full-scale PM2.5 aerosol dispersion experiment under mechanically ventilated conditions. In the CFD case, adaptive sampling reduced the normalized reconstruction error in the high-concentration region of interest to 9.5% using 65 sampling points, compared with 18.3% for uniform scanning, whereas optimized uniform scanning achieved a slightly lower final global NRMSE than adaptive sampling (2.5% vs. 3.0%). In the physical experiment, adaptive sampling reduced the average reconstruction error at four fixed reference locations from 59.7% to 34.3% under the tested condition. With the same 72-point sensing budget, the adaptive workflow generated an initial concentration map after 18 exploratory samples and then updated the map after each six-point batch. These results demonstrate the proof-of-concept potential of adaptive robotic sensing for the timely identification of localized hazardous particle plumes and for providing spatially resolved information to support exposure-risk-oriented indoor contaminant control.