Renal artery aneurysm and renal vein aneurysm are rare vascular lesions, and their coexistence within the same kidney poses considerable diagnostic and surgical challenges. We report a 51-year-old woman presenting with recurrent left flank and back pain. Computed tomography angiography demonstrated a 2.1-cm upper-pole renal artery aneurysm arising from a terminal intrarenal arterial branch and a 3.0-cm renal vein aneurysm arising from a large intrarenal venous tributary in the mid-pole renal sinus. Nephrectomy had been recommended at another institution because of the anatomical complexity, but the patient strongly wished to preserve the affected kidney. She underwent single-port retroperitoneoscopic excision of both aneurysms, with closure of the terminal arterial stump, primary closure of the venous wall defect, and renorrhaphy. The operative time was 95 min, warm ischemia time was 20 min, and estimated blood loss was 30 mL. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnoses. At 4 months after surgery, color Doppler ultrasonography demonstrated preserved main left renal arterial flow and intrarenal arterial perfusion without Doppler evidence of hemodynamically significant main renal artery stenosis. Dedicated renal venous Doppler assessment and differential renal function testing were not performed. This case demonstrates that single-port retroperitoneoscopic kidney-sparing excision can be performed in selected patients with concomitant intrarenal arterial and venous aneurysms.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) constitutes a leading contributor to the development of low back pain, yet its epigenetic regulation remains unclear. Here, we identify a mechanism by which N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification contributes to lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in IVDD. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of human nucleus pulposus (NP) tissues shows an enrichment of lysosomal pathway genes in severely degenerated NP cells, along with LMP and disrupted mitophagy flux. We further show that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induces LMP, disrupts mitophagic flux, and causes mitochondrial dysfunction in NP cells. IL-1β enhances WTAP, a key part of the m6A methyltransferase complex, essential for m6A methylation of ACSL4 mRNA. The m6A reader IGF2BP2 then binds and stabilizes the modified transcripts, leading to increased ACSL4 expression. Consequently, lysosomal lipid peroxidation is promoted through accumulation of arachidonic acid-containing phospholipids, resulting in LMP. In a rat model, intradiscal delivery of AAV9-shWTAP attenuates disc degeneration, with preserved disc height, improved extracellular matrix synthesis, and restored lysosomal function and mitophagy. Our study reveals the WTAP/ACSL4/IGF2BP2 axis as a mediator of IL-1β-induced LMP via m6A-dependent lipid peroxidation, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for IVDD.

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) induces a distinct state of "arousable sedation," yet the neural circuits that sustain arousal capacity remain unclear. Here, we identified that 40 μg/kg DEX produced sedation from which animals could be transiently aroused by tactile stimulation of the back, whereas 100 μg/kg induced deeper, unresponsive sedation. Functional mapping revealed selective activation of the central medial thalamus (CMT). Fiber photometry further confirmed that DEX dose-dependently and selectively activated glutamatergic neurons in the CMT while simultaneously suppressing activity in other thalamic regions. Chemogenetic inhibition of CMT glutamatergic neurons deepened DEX sedation and impaired tactile‑stimulation-induced arousal following administration of 40 μg/kg DEX, whereas activation of CMT glutamatergic neurons under a high-dose DEX (100 μg/kg) attenuated sedation and restored tactile responsiveness. Together, these results establish the CMT as a critical thalamic node for maintaining arousal capacity during DEX sedation.

Lignin-oil remains the last untapped carbon reservoir in biomass refineries because its dense aryl-O-aryl networks resist selective C-O cleavage. The key to this transformation lies in the selective deoxygenation of its oxygen-containing groups and the selective scission of bonds between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; whether the surface can return H* to metal centres to trigger cracking is unknown. Here we elucidate a reverse H-spillover pathway on Ru single-atom catalysts (Ru1/WZrOx) that enables C-O cleavage of crude lignin-oil directly to produce value-added aviation fuel precursors, boosting the hydrodeoxygenation efficiency by 40%. Surprisingly, a remarkable substrate conversion of 100% and selectivity of 100% to produce cycloalcohols are achieved, while delivering an impressive 80.7% selectivity toward C-O cleavage from lignin-oil. Detailed spectroscopy, isotope experiments and density functional theory analysis disclose that sp3-hybridized W centres in defective WZrOx nanolattices chemically push electron-rich hydrides back to Ru single-atoms, while micro-kinetics of dual-supplied H* system identify a 0.09 eV barrier for arene-O hydrogenolysis inside a Ru-hydride, leading to highly active lignin-oil hydrocracking. This study is expected to provide deep insights into boosting efficient lignin-oil depolymerization via modulating the surface active sites of the catalyst, for converting lignin-oil into hydrocarbon mixtures suitable for aviation fuel.

Degenerative disc disease remains a primary cause of chronic back pain, yet current surgical treatments are often limited by the mechanical mismatch between implants and native intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue. This study investigates additively manufactured functionally graded Gyroid structures based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as biomimetic IVD replacements, focusing on the influence of geometry and material gradients on mechanical performance.
Methods: Gyroid-based constructs were fabricated by multi-material fused filament fabrication using TPU filaments of different stiffness. Their mechanical performance was evaluated under static and dynamic compressive loading. Finite element analysis was performed to investigate stress distribution within the Gyroid architecture, while micro-computed tomography (µCT) was used to assess manufacturing-related defects and structural integrity before and after 700,000 loading cycles.
Results: All investigated structures exhibited stable and reproducible mechanical behavior. However, only a single geometric configuration reached the targeted physiological load range of 4000-8000 N, irrespective of the material combination. The incorporation of an additional compliant TPU phase did not significantly alter the global force-deformation response compared with two-material configurations, indicating that structural geometry predominantly governs the compressive mechanical behavior. Dynamic testing demonstrated consistent damping capacities of approximately 20% across all configurations together with stable stiffness, storage modulus, and loss modulus during fatigue loading. Finite element analysis revealed homogeneous load distribution with localized stress concentrations at the curved Gyroid junctions. Quantitative µCT analysis showed no measurable increase in micro-porosity, void fraction, or interfacial defects after 600,000 loading cycles.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the mechanical performance of TPU-based Gyroid IVD constructs is primarily governed by architectural design rather than material gradients under compressive loading. The combined experimental, numerical, and µCT analyses confirm the mechanical robustness and structural stability of the proposed functionally graded Gyroid structures, highlighting architecture-driven design as a promising strategy for mechanically compatible intervertebral disc replacements.&#xD.

Image-text matching (ITM) methods typically rely on positive-negative sample discrimination to learn cross-modal similarity. However, when similarity computation is primarily built upon sequence-level and linear representations, samples that are semantically similar but differ in underlying structural relations often remain ambiguously separated, resulting in blurred decision boundaries. To address this limitation, we propose a Semantic Manifold-Aware Similarity Learning (SMSL) framework, where the term "semantic manifold" is used in an operational sense to denote a topology-aware organization of textual semantic units induced from token/entity interactions, rather than a strict low-dimensional differentiable manifold. Specifically, the framework constructs a discrete semantic topology by disentangling intrinsic object, attribute, and relation dependencies within text, and injects the induced structural constraints back into the representation space through a topology injection mechanism, endowing textual embeddings with explicit topology awareness while preserving relational semantic continuity. The topology-aware textual representations are further exploited as semantic guidance to attend to and filter visual region features, reinforcing semantically relevant regions while suppressing redundant or distracting visual cues. After structure-aware enhancement on both the textual and visual sides, we introduce a dynamic threshold-based positive-negative decision boundary mechanism at the similarity computation stage. Unlike conventional fixed-margin strategies, this mechanism adaptively adjusts the decision boundary according to local semantic topology and cross-modal alignment certainty. In this way, the proposed method preserves the fundamental discriminative paradigm of ITM while shifting similarity evaluation from linear representation-level comparison to topology-aware similarity reasoning. Experiments on the Flickr30K and MS-COCO benchmarks demonstrate competitive performance in fine-grained ITM scenarios, validating the effectiveness of structurally informed and topology-aware similarity determination. The code is publicly available at: https://github.com/zhuliqi0309/SMSL.git.

Skeletal muscles can undergo remodeling in response to physical, nutritional, and environmental conditions. To understand skeletal muscle remodeling associated with mammalian hibernation, we investigated the remodeling of skeletal muscles throughout hibernation in Syrian hamsters. We found that hibernating hamsters under winter-like hibernation-induction conditions exhibited lower skeletal muscle mass and thinner muscle fibers, particularly fast-twitch fibers of Type IIb and IIx, than euthermic hamsters kept under summer-like conditions. However, hamsters that were unresponsive to hibernation induction under winter-like conditions (UnHIB) were less susceptible to decreases in muscle mass and fiber size. The expression levels of Mstn and Sln, which were predominantly detected in fast-twitch or slow-twitch muscle fibers, respectively, were significantly altered in hibernating but not in UnHIB hamsters. Thus, we identified skeletal muscle remodeling associated with hibernation.