BackgroundAlzheimer's disease and atopic dermatitis may converge on shared immunoinflammatory pathways, but their molecular relationship remains poorly defined.MethodsWe integrated differential expression, enrichment analysis, network prioritization, machine learning, external dataset assessment, and Mendelian randomization to identify shared molecular signatures and assess their causal relevance. Single-cell transcriptomics, cell-cell communication analysis, virtual knockout, and molecular simulation were further applied to define cell-type-specific signaling networks and evaluate drug-target interactions.ResultsIntegrative transcriptomic analyses identified MYD88 and FGR as hub genes linking immune activation with structural regulation. Convergent evidence highlighted the IgSF CAM signaling pathway, suggesting that impaired cell adhesion and intercellular communication represent a common pathological feature of both diseases. Single-cell analyses revealed distinct microenvironmental signaling landscapes, characterized by NRG-ERBB4 activity in Alzheimer's disease and MIF-centered immune networks in atopic dermatitis.ConclusionsThese findings suggest potential shared immune-structural regulatory features between Alzheimer's disease and atopic dermatitis.

BackgroundHairdressers are exposed to various occupational hazards, including musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory issues, and dermatological conditions due to prolonged standing, repetitive hand movements, and frequent contact with chemicals.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the level of knowledge among hairdressers in Kayseri regarding occupational risk factors, determine the incidence of occupational health problems, and examine associated factors.MethodsThe study was conducted in Kayseri, Türkiye, with the participation of 286 hairdressers of both genders who provide services to women.The questionnaire consisted of 65 items divided into three constructs: sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, education, work experience), work-related factors (work organization, PPE usage, occupational risk perception), and occupational health indicators (musculoskeletal, skin, respiratory symptoms, and general health status).ResultsAmong hairdressers, 54.5% experienced musculoskeletal symptoms, while 18.2% reported contact dermatitis symptoms and 19.6% had work-related asthma symptoms. Longer years of work experience and prolonged standing hours were found to increase ergonomic complaints.ConclusionsHairdressers with a history of atopy or precursor symptoms such as rhinitis and conjunctivitis should be screened for asthma. Ergonomic arrangements that will shorten long standing working times can reduce musculoskeletal complaints. Regular health screenings and preventive measures should be implemented to identify and manage at-risk individuals early.

Topical nanoemulgels represent a novel and promising hybrid drug delivery system that integrates the advantages of both nanoemulsions and gels to enhance skin drug delivery. Their unique physicochemical properties, such as high solubilizing capacity for lipophilic drugs, small droplet size, and rheological suitability, make them highly effective for localized dermatological applications. Recent advances in formulation strategies have enabled the incorporation of various synthetic and natural bioactive into nanoemulgel systems, improving their stability, penetration depth, and therapeutic efficacy. Polymers, both natural (e.g., chitosan, alginate, xanthan gum) and synthetic (e.g., Carbopol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol), play a critical role as gelling agents, viscosity enhancers, and stabilizers, influencing the release profile, bioadhesion, and mechanical properties of nanoemulgels. This review comprehensively outlines the current progress in the development, characterization, and biomedical application of nanoemulgels for the treatment of skin disorders, including acne, psoriasis, fungal infections, and dermatitis. Emphasis is placed on formulation techniques, excipient roles, permeation enhancement mechanisms, and safety profiles. Furthermore, challenges in scalability and regulatory approval, as well as future directions toward clinical translation, are critically discussed.

Skin fibrosis is increasingly recognized as an important component of chronic inflammatory skin diseases, contributing to dermal thickening, tissue stiffness, and persistent functional impairment. Although transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has long been considered the central mediator of fibrosis, accumulating evidence indicates that interleukin-13 (IL-13), a key cytokine of type 2 immunity, plays a pivotal role in linking chronic inflammation to fibrotic remodeling. Unlike classical scar formation, IL-13-associated fibrosis is characterized by sustained immune activation, continuous extracellular matrix remodeling, and residual tissue plasticity, suggesting that it represents a dynamic and potentially reversible process. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms by which IL-13 promotes skin fibrosis. We discuss direct activation of fibroblasts through the IL-13Rα1/STAT6 pathway, dysregulation of extracellular matrix synthesis and degradation, neuroimmune interactions involving chronic itch and mechanotransduction, macrophage-fibroblast crosstalk, and emerging evidence for fibroblast memory mediated by epigenetic remodeling. Furthermore, we compare the pathological features of IL-13-associated fibrosis across representative skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis, systemic sclerosis, and keloids. This conceptual framework provides a unified perspective on the diverse roles of IL-13 in cutaneous fibrosis and highlights the importance of integrating immunological, mechanical, and stromal mechanisms.

Kawasaki disease is typically associated with a polymorphous exanthem, but persistent psoriasiform or pustular plaques during the acute illness may be mistaken for infection, drug eruption, or a separate inflammatory dermatosis. We report a 4-month-old boy with Kawasaki disease who developed erythematous scaly plaques with pustules during the acute phase, in temporal association with recurrent mucosal inflammation and evolving coronary artery dilation requiring repeat intravenous immunoglobulin. Skin biopsy showed psoriasiform epidermal hyperplasia with parakeratosis, loss of the granular layer, neutrophilic exocytosis, papillary dermal edema, and dilated capillaries, supporting psoriasiform dermatitis in the setting of Kawasaki disease. This case highlights the value of clinicopathologic correlation when atypical plaques arise in Kawasaki disease and suggests that such eruptions should prompt careful assessment for ongoing systemic inflammation and coronary involvement.