The pharmacological application of essential oils in cancer therapy is frequently limited by poor bioavailability, physicochemical instability, and insufficient cytotoxic potency. Nano-enabled delivery systems have emerged as pharmacological strategies to enhance the therapeutic performance of natural products; however, their pharmacological mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign myofibroblastic neoplasm characterized by rapid growth and recurrent USP6 rearrangements. Despite its benign nature, NF may exhibit worrisome histologic or clinical features that mimic sarcoma, posing diagnostic challenges. The relationship between molecular diversity and morphologic heterogeneity remains incompletely understood. We retrospectively analyzed 283 NF cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2024 at a tertiary referral center. Molecular testing for USP6 rearrangements was performed in 44 cases using targeted RNA sequencing. Histologic features, clinical parameters, and fusion partner distribution were evaluated, with emphasis on lesions showing infiltrative or worrisome morphology. Selected cases underwent additional genomic profiling, including hybrid-capture DNA sequencing and copy-number analysis. Among 44 molecularly confirmed cases, 18 distinct USP6 fusion partners were identified. The most frequent fusion was MYH9::USP6 (40.9%), followed by COL1A1::USP6, MIR22HG::USP6, and RRBP1::USP6. Rare and previously unreported fusions, including CLK1::USP6 and FOSL2::USP6, further expanded the molecular spectrum. Two cases with infiltrative, aggressive-appearing morphology showed no additional pathogenic alterations and a genomically stable profile. Based on these findings, we propose an exploratory, hypothesis-generating framework to summarize the observed clinicopathological spectrum of NF. NF demonstrates substantial molecular heterogeneity but retains a genetically simple and largely benign biological behavior. Even lesions with alarming morphology appear genomically stable and clinically indolent. The proposed framework may facilitate diagnostic interpretation and provide a conceptual framework for future studies but requires validation before any biological or clinical implications can be inferred.

Groupers play an important role in coral reef ecosystems as top predators, but much remains unknown about their diverse colorations. Hulong hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀×E. lanceolatus ♂) typically exhibits a black-brown patterned appearance but occasionally aberrant morphs, including pure white, pure yellow, and variegated forms which exceed the phenotypic range of either parent. What is the physiological basis of these transgressive colorations? Does each aberrant phenotype reflect an independent underlying state? Here, we combined long-term phenotypic observation with cytological analyses, transcriptome profiling and metabolomic assays of skin tissues from Hulong hybrid grouper. Cytological analyses revealed severe alterations in chromatophore composition. Color transitions documented in a single individual, together with multi-omics analyses, suggested that phenotypically diverse individuals possess an intrinsically unified and labile pigmentation system. These findings provide new insights into how coloration diversity is generated in hybrid offspring, and present Hulong hybrid grouper as an emerging model system for studying the evolution of novel color traits in fishes.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the breast. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the 9 patients with SCNEC of the breast diagnosed at the Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China from January 2011 to December 2025. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were employed to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics, immunophenotypes, and molecular alterations. Treatment and follow-up data were also reviewed. Results: All 9 patients were female, with an age of 54.0 (45.0, 67.5) years. The maximum tumor diameter ranged from 1.8 to 10.6 cm. Pathological morphology exhibited features of small cell carcinoma. Necrosis was observed in 7 cases, intravascular tumor thrombus in 2 cases, and tumor involvement of the nipple epidermis in 1 case. All cases were positive for CKpan, chromongranin A and synaptophysin, while partial expression was noted for CD56 (7/9), ER (3/9), PR (1/9), TRPS1 (5/9), and GATA3 (3/9). All cases showed mutant-type p53 expression and loss of RB1 protein expression. The Ki-67 proliferation index ranged from 60% to 90%. NGS showed that TP53 was the most frequently mutated gene, with missense mutations identified in 3 of the 4 cases tested. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) analysis showed that all 4 cases had TMB <10 Muts/Mb, falling into the low TMB category. Microsatellite instability analysis revealed that 1 case was microsatellite instability-high, with a concurrent MSH6 frameshift mutation, indicating mismatch repair deficiency. Among the 7 patients who underwent surgery, 1 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with marked tumor regression, and 4 received postoperative adjuvant therapy. The other 2 patients with advanced disease did not undergo surgery but received systemic chemotherapy after core needle biopsy. Follow-up data were available for 6 of the 9 patients, with follow-up periods ranging from 3 to 87 months. Three patients were alive, and three patients died at 22, 24, and 27 months after surgery, respectively. Conclusions: Primary SCNEC of the breast is a rare type of highly aggressive malignancy. Its diagnosis requires the exclusion of metastasis from other primary sites. The immunophenotype is mostly ER/PR-negative in this cohort, and GATA3 and TRPS1 are of limited value in confirming a mammary origin. p53 mutation and loss of RB1 expression are common molecular alterations in this tumor.

Most dorsal proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint dislocations can be reduced closed, but soft-tissue entrapment may prevent reduction. We report 2 open dorsal PIP joint dislocations in which the flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon was displaced ulnarly. In both cases, the joint remained irreducible after the FDP tendon was restored to its normal volar position. In case 1, the ulnar condyle of the proximal phalangeal head was entrapped by the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendon. In case 2, the entire proximal phalangeal head had passed between the 2 FDS slips and become entrapped. Releasing the entrapment allowed reduction in both cases, after which the volar plate was repaired. At final follow-up, active PIP motion was 0° to 100° at 12 months in case 1 and -10° to 100° at 6 months in case 2, without lateral instability. Persistent irreducibility after restoration of the FDP tendon to its normal volar position should prompt direct inspection for entrapment of the proximal phalangeal head by the FDS tendon.

In June 1923, the head of department of railway health care in the Russian Far East submitted to the highest governing body of Bolshevist Far East report describing history and current state of health care on the Ussuri Railway. The author - doctor M. V. Michurin - held top position in medical hierarchy of post-Imperial Russia, since he was at the head of structure of strategically and economically important branch. Even in conditions of political instability, rulers tried hard to preserve and to enhance transport medicine. In his report, Michurin emphasized this succession, being unaware of ideology of tabula rasa of Soviet People's Commissariat of Health Care (Narkomzdrav). In the early 1920s, Commissioner N. A. Semashko insisted that Bolsheviks inherited ruins of health care. The article retraces conflict between Michurins evidences of succession with Bolshevist ideology of rupture.

Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) suffer severe degradation at subzero temperatures due to electrolyte freezing, sluggish Zn2+ kinetics, and dendrite-induced interfacial instability. Herein, a triple-coupling regulation strategy integrating solvation structure, interfacial chemistry, and crystallographic orientation through a formamide-ethanol deep eutectic electrolyte (ZEFW2) was developed. Molecular dynamics simulations and spectroscopic analyses reveal that ZEFW2 redistributes the primary Zn2+ solvation environment, reducing H2O and acetate coordination while introducing formamide coordination and maintaining favorable Zn2+ transport. Depth-resolved XPS further reveals a chemically reconstructed Zn interphase containing Zn-O-related inorganic species and persistent N- and C-containing electrolyte-derived species. The modified solvation and interfacial environments regulate Zn nucleation and promote preferential Zn deposition along the (101) facet, enabling more homogeneous Zn growth and suppressing dendritic morphology. Consequently, Zn||Zn symmetric cells achieve 1400 h of cycling at -20°C under 1 mA cm-2 and 10 mAh cm-2, with a Coulombic efficiency of 99.78% over 1200 cycles. Zn||NVO full cells retain 74% of their initial capacity after 1600 cycles at -20°C, while pouch cells demonstrate stable operation at both room and subzero temperatures. This work establishes a molecular-to-interfacial triple-coupling strategy for temperature-resilient AZIBs.

Underwater superhydrophobic surfaces can retain an interfacial gas layer (known as plastron), enabling functions such as drag reduction and antifouling. However, the plastron suffers from inevitable instability under hydrostatic pressure and flow-induced shear. Current electrolysis-based replenishment strategies are often hindered by complex electrode configurations, gas leakage, and a lack of autonomous feedback. Herein, we present a self-responsive superhydrophobic mesh with locally integrated electrodes (SHM-E) to achieve intelligent plastron maintenance. By coupling a compact local Pt anode (occupying only 1/16 of the functional surface area) with the capillary-driven gas spreading of the mesh, the system realizes an autonomous "damage-repair-dormancy" cycle. This configuration enables rapid plastron restoration (<60 s) and sustains near-perfect coverage for over 16 days with minimal power consumption (static current <1 mA), significantly outperforming non-electrolysis controls. Consequently, the stabilized plastron effectively isolates the substrate, reducing scale deposition by 93.8% compared to stainless steel. Overall, this study demonstrates an unattended, low-power, self-responsive plastron repair strategy that simplifies electrolysis-based gas replenishment, providing a practical route toward durable underwater functional surfaces.

This article reviews the neurosurgical considerations and clinical manifestations of giant cell arteritis, rheumatoid arthritis-related cervical spine disease, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, neurosarcoidosis, and Lyme disease. Across these disease entities, neurosurgical urgency typically reflects inflammatory vascular compromise, skeletal instability, occult fracture with secondary neurologic deficits, or mass-like and meningeal phenotypes that mimic malignancy or infection. The article emphasizes pattern-based triage, high-yield imaging selection, and the limited scenarios requiring neurosurgical intervention including stabilization, CSF diversion, decompression, or biopsy.