An 18-year-old female presented with headaches, transient visual obscurations, and papilledema secondary to a primary superior sagittal sinus (SSS) stenosis caused by compression from a presumed parasagittal meningioma, with an associated secondary dominant transverse-sigmoid junction (TSJ) stenosis.1 2 3 Initial venous manometry demonstrated a hemodynamically significant pressure gradient across the TSJ stenosis but only a 4 mm Hg gradient across the SSS stenosis. Following TSJ stenting, repeat venous manometry unmasked the hemodynamic significance of the SSS stenosis, prompting subsequent SSS stenting.4 5 Final venous manometry demonstrated elimination of all hemodynamically significant pressure gradients, with improvement in headaches and papilledema at follow-up.6 7This technical video (video 1) demonstrates how serial cerebral venous sinus stenoses can confound interpretation of venous manometry; it highlights the importance of repeat venous manometry following treatment of the rate-limiting lesion, as the hemodynamic significance of adjacent stenoses may only become apparent once the dominant pressure gradient has been eliminated.neurintsurg;jnis-2026-026225v1/V1F1V1Video 1 . Technical video demonstrating the impact of serial cerebral venous sinus stenoses on venous manometry and the role of repeat pressure measurements in guiding endovascular treatment.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in working-age adults. Heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 5 (HSPA5) has been reported to be a core ferroptosis-related gene in DR, while its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. DEGs were screened from the GSE233164 dataset with strict thresholds (P < 0.01, |log2FC| > 3). Bioinformatics enrichment and PPI network analyses were performed to screen genes. Clinical samples from 49 DR patients and 49 healthy controls were used for external validation. HG-induced ARPE-19 cell models were established to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, and inflammation. The ATF3-HSPA5 transcriptional regulatory relationship was predicted by JASPAR and verified via ChIP and dual-luciferase assays. 171 DEGs were screened, and 39 core genes were retained for network analysis. HSPA5 was consistently downregulated in HG-stimulated ARPE-19 cells and DR clinical samples, with a high diagnostic AUC of 0.93. HG exposure triggered RPE cell dysfunction, oxidative damage, ferroptosis, and inflammation, all of which were significantly rescued by HSPA5 overexpression. ATF3 was also downregulated in DR models and clinical samples and positively correlated with HSPA5. Mechanistically, ATF3 directly bound and transcriptionally activated the HSPA5 promoter. Rescue experiments confirmed that HSPA5 knockdown completely abolished the protective effects of ATF3 against HG-induced cell injury and ferroptosis. ATF3 alleviates HG-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell injury and ferroptosis by transcriptionally activating HSPA5. The ATF3-HSPA axis represents a potential therapeutic target for DR.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss and is characterized by early dysfunction of the retinal neurovascular unit (NVU), preceding neurodegenerative and vascular pathology. Müller glial cells are central regulators of retinal homeostasis, but the contribution of Müller glia-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to intercellular communication during hyperglycemic stress remains incompletely understood. Here, we examined the effects of high-glucose (HG) challenge on sEV release and protein cargo in the immortalized human Müller glial cell line MIO-M1. Cells were exposed to 35 mM D-glucose or an osmotic control. sEVs were isolated from cell culture media and characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and immunoblotting. Quantitative proteomic profiling was performed using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. HG exposure did not significantly change sEV size distribution or particle yield but changed the proteomic profiles of both Müller glia cells and their secreted sEVs. Differentially abundant proteins were enriched in pathways and functional classes related to RNA binding and processing, protein translation, cytoskeletal organization, carbon metabolism, lysosomal function, and immune/inflammatory signaling. These findings provide a new proteomic resource and identify candidate pathways through which HG stress may modify Müller glia cellular and sEV protein profiles. Because the study used an immortalized cell line, a short-term in vitro exposure, and did not directly test the effects of HG-modified sEVs on recipient retinal cells, the functional and in-vivo relevance of these proteomic changes requires further investigation.

Particulate organic matter (POM) plays a critical role in Hg biogeochemistry, yet its immobilization mechanisms and interactions with water management remain unclear. This study investigated POM-mediated Hg immobilization under non-flooded and flooded conditions through a 120-day incubation experiment, combined with batch adsorption, multi-technique characterization, and microbial community analysis. POM addition significantly reduced soil available Hg and promoted the redistribution of Hg to operationally defined less-labile or residual fractions, with available Hg reduction reaching 82% under flooded conditions, compared to 61% under non-flooded. Mechanistically, POM immobilized Hg2+ through physical entrapment within its porous structure and chemisorption-dominated surface complexation via sulfur and oxygen-containing functional groups, with reactive organic sulfur as the most active binding site. Indirectly, POM addition increased SOC, and structural equation modeling (SEM) supported a statistical pathway consistent with SOC contributing to Hg transformation under flooding (path coefficients: 0.872-0.902). Additionally, POM dose-dependently suppressed MeHg accumulation by reducing bioavailable Hg pools and decreasing hgcA gene abundance, with microbial community restructuring further contributing to this suppression through enrichment of keystone taxa such as Vicinamibacter. Overall, POM amendment combined with flooding may mitigate Hg bioavailability in contaminated agricultural soils under controlled conditions, but field validation is required before recommending this as a practical strategy.

INTRODUCTION: This report describes our experience with PRESERFLO MicroShunt implantation with and without adjunctive subconjunctival Healaflow® as a modified bleb-forming filtration technique in glaucoma patients.

The Megamouth Shark is a circumtropically distributed filter-feeding species with only some records from the Atlantic Ocean available to date. In this study, a very young specimen, possibly a neonate, found floating off Pedra do Sal Beach, Piauí, Brazil, in 2018, was analyzed for stable isotopes and metals and metalloids. This research opens a window for investigating aspects of the biology of this scarcely studied shark at this developmental stage in the Western Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Stable isotope values were δ13C = -18.66 ± 0.15‰ and δ15N = 5.93 ± 0.09‰, likely reflecting maternal isotopic transfer to the embryo. An exploratory Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) indicated an isotopic baseline driven by smaller zooplankton, reflecting feeding in oligotrophic tropical waters during gestation. Among the 65 assessed elements, 41 are reported for the first time for the species, with their concentrations aligning with maternal transfer. A relatively low Hg concentration (0.015 mg kg-1) suggests minimal environmental bioaccumulation. The high Al (116 mg kg-1) and Pb (0.11 mg kg-1) levels suggest maternal offloading via yolk or uterine fluids. Total As was relatively high (4.6 mg kg-1), likely reflecting ocean-basin-specific biogeochemical baseline and mainly organic chemical forms typical of deep-water elasmobranchs. Finally, the findings reinforce the importance of continuous monitoring in the Atlantic Ocean to expand and consolidate knowledge on the ecology and ecotoxicology of this species.

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of coagulation biomarkers, particularly D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDP), in the development of secondary progressive hemorrhagic injury (PHI) following traumatic brain injury (TBI). We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on hospital medical record data. All enrolled TBI patients were divided into a PHI group (n = 51) and a non-PHI group (n = 151) for comparison based on whether PHI occurred during hospitalization. Comprehensive coagulation profiles, including D-dimer, FDP, Prothrombin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen (FIB), and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors. The incidence of PHI was 25.25% (51/202). PHI patients demonstrated significantly higher systolic blood pressure (154.00 mm Hg vs 139.00 mm Hg, P = .002) and longer hospital stays (20.00 days vs 13.00 days, P = .007). Coagulation analysis revealed lower FIB (2.75 g/L vs 3.04 g/L, P = .021) and APTT (28.90 seconds vs 29.90 seconds, P = .048), but markedly elevated D-dimer (9162.00 ng/mL vs 3191.00 ng/mL, P = .001) and FDP levels (73.77 μg/mL vs 22.19 μg/mL, P = .003) in the PHI group. Logistic regression identified Glasgow Coma Scale score as an independent risk factor [adjusted odds ratio = 1.558, 95% confidence interval = 1.056-2.298, P = .025] and APTT as a protective factor (odds ratio = 0.937, 95% confidence interval = 0.915-0.959, P < .001) of secondary PHI in patients with TBI. Coagulation dysfunction, characterized by elevated D-dimer and FDP and decreased FIB, was significantly associated with PHI development in TBI patients. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that only Glasgow Coma Scale score and APTT remained significant and were independent predictors of secondary PHI.

This study aimed to investigate risk factors for adverse cardiovascular events occurring within 90 days of onset in patients with hypertension. We developed a random forest (RF) predictive model and a nomogram predictive model, and validated the performance of these models. Baseline data were retrospectively collected from patients with hypertension treated at our hospital from January 2024 to December 2025. Disease-related risk factors were identified using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and both a RF model and a nomogram prediction model were developed. Internal model validation was performed using the Bootstrap method combined with 10-fold cross-validation, and the predictive performance and clinical utility of the models were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration curves, and decision curves. Results: A total of 1256 patients with hypertension were included in this study, of whom 120 experienced a cardiovascular event within 90 days of follow-up, resulting in an event rate of 9.55%. Multivariate analysis revealed that systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg (odds ratio [OR] = 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-3.91, P = .031), poor medication adherence (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.10-1.96, P = .022), concomitant diabetes (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.23-2.46, P = .016), lack of regular exercise (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.07-1.78, P = .001), and age ≥65 years (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-3.44, P = .012) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of 90-day cardiovascular events in patients. In the internal validation cohort, the area under the curve was 0.812 for the nomogram model and 0.842 for the RF model. Although the RF model showed a numerically higher area under the curve, the difference between the 2 models was not formally tested and should not be interpreted as evidence of statistical superiority. Both models showed acceptable calibration and potential clinical net benefit based on their calibration curves and decision curve analyses. The nomogram prediction model for 90-day cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension, constructed based on variable selection using a RF algorithm, demonstrates reliable predictive accuracy and clinical utility. It can assist clinicians in the early identification of high-risk patients and provide a reference for developing individualized blood pressure management plans.

Herein, binary coordination compounds based on Ni-Gly/ZIF-67 and Ni-Gly/CoFe-ZIF-67 were employed as electrode materials for energy storage and water-splitting applications, respectively. The structure and morphology of the binary electrodes were characterized by XRD, XPS, and SEM. Electrochemical studies (cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) revealed that the binary materials exhibited distinct electrochemical behavior for energy storage and water splitting. In fact, whereas Ni-Gly/ZIF-67 was used as an electrode material for energy storage, Ni-Gly/CoFe-ZIF-67 was used as an electrocatalyst for water splitting. The Ni-Gly/ZIF-67 electrode material achieved a high specific capacity of 106.9 mA h g[-1] at 1.0 A g[-1] and retained 71.6% of its capacity after 5000 cycles, combining pseudocapacitive/battery-type behavior. Furthermore, a symmetric supercapacitor device was assembled, achieving maximum energy and power densities of 0.765 W h kg[-1] and 6076 W kg[-1], respectively. The Ni-Gly/CoFe-ZIF-67 electrode material exhibited excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity, with an overpotential of 430 mV at 10 mA cm[-2], a Tafel slope of 108 mV dec[-1], and stable operation for 10 h. These results demonstrate a synergism between MOF- and Ni-Gly-derived frameworks, providing valuable insights for the rational design of sustainable multifunctional electrodes for integrated energy storage and conversion systems.

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is traditionally based on low-pressure mercury lamps emitting at 254 nm, whereas UV-C light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have emerged as promising mercury-free alternatives. However, direct comparisons between these technologies are frequently confounded by differences in irradiance, exposure geometry, and accumulated UV-C dose, making it difficult to isolate wavelength-dependent effects from dosimetric bias. In this study, two closed irradiation chambers equipped with a low-pressure Hg lamp (254 nm) and an InGaN UV-C LED array (280 nm) were comprehensively evaluated in terms of emission spectrum, temporal irradiance stability, and spatial dose distribution. Radiometric measurements established matched irradiation conditions corresponding to source-to-sample distances of 41.0 cm for the Hg lamp and 5.5 cm for the LED system. For microbiological testing, both sources were operated for 270 s to reach stable irradiance, while the plates remained shielded from UV-C until the timed exposure began. Under matched accumulated UV-C doses, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 exhibited comparable microbial inactivation kinetics. A single-exponential decay model with a residual offset yielded similar model-estimated characteristic doses (D90, D99, and D99.9), while the survivor curves agreed in order of magnitude with historical and contemporary susceptibility data. Pairwise comparisons identified a statistically significant difference at only one exposure condition, whereas ANCOVA did not detect a statistically significant dose × technology interaction. These findings demonstrate that, when rigorous radiometric equivalence is established, the apparent performance differences between 254 and 280 nm become substantially smaller than generally inferred from nominal wavelength alone.

Vegetated landscapes are widely known as important sinks of mercury (Hg) but the controls on the production of neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in terrestrial upland ecosystems remain unresolved, particularly at fine spatial scales. In this study, we investigated the distribution of total Hg (THg) and MeHg in surface soils across an elevational gradient in a subtropical coastal montane watershed separately in dry and wet seasons at Hong Kong of southern China. Mean surface soil THg was the highest in the lower-elevation forest zone and at lower levels in the middle- and upper-elevation shrubland/grassland zones. Topsoil (0-4 cm) MeHg increased from dry to wet season at lower-elevation forest sites and decreased or changed little at most upper-elevation sites, although site-level elevation-zone contrasts were not statistically significant after false-discovery-rate adjustment. At the site level (n = 11), the best-supported model within a 12-model candidate set for seasonal topsoil MeHg change included seasonal moisture change, plan curvature, and inorganic Hg (IHg = THg - MeHg; adjusted R 2 = 0.758, p = 0.0043), implying exploratory watershed-scale associations among moisture, microtopography, Hg substrate, and MeHg heterogeneity.