Reduced sexual activity has been reported in women with Turner syndrome (TS), a chromosomal disorder frequently associated with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), but data on sexual function and its qualitative aspects remain limited. Furthermore, few studies have compared sexual function of women with TS to that of women with POI from other etiologies (non-TS POI). Our aim was to assess sexual function in women with TS and compare it to that of women with non-TS POI, and to evaluate whether sexual dysfunction in TS is related to different comorbidities.

The use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) resulted in weight loss and long-term cardiovascular (CV) and renal safety preservation. Their role in male sexual hormones and behavior is still not sufficiently investigated. This paper aims at summarizing the effects of GLP1-RA and SGLT2i on obesity-associated hypogonadism and sexual dysfunctions. Both GLP1-RA and SGLT2i resulted in an improvement of body composition and metabolic profile, supporting erectile function amelioration. Only GLP1-RA showed a weight loss dependent increase in total and calculated free testosterone with lower effects on gonadotropin levels, while for SGLT2i, the data are contradictory. Finally, the use of testosterone replacement therapy showed better results as compared to GLP1-RA when orgasm and sexual satisfaction domains were investigated. In conclusion considering the beneficial effects of GLP1-RA on long-term CV mortality and morbidity, compared to the substantially neutral effects derived from the use of testosterone replacement therapy, we support the use of this class of medications for improving sexual dysfunction and its underlying CV problems in overweight and obese patients with erectile dysfunction.

This study aimed to assess anxiety levels and marital relationships among women undergoing infertility treatment. A descriptive observational design was conducted involving 300 infertile women over nine months at Zagazig University Hospital. Data were collected using a Structured Interview Questionnaire, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and the Taylor Anxiety Scale. Reliability analysis showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.923 for FSFI; 0.845 for Taylor Scale). Results indicated that 32.6% of participants sought services after one year of marriage, 30.5% visited more than five centers, and 47.5% used IVF. Nearly half of the subjects experienced varying degrees of anxiety (moderate to very severe), which significantly impacted sexual arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction. In conclusion, anxiety and psychosexual dysfunction are highly prevalent among women during fertility treatments, underscoring the critical need to integrate psychological counseling and standardized screening protocols within routine reproductive healthcare.

Sexual dysfunction related to depression and antidepressant treatment is clinically important yet underrecognized, affecting adherence, intimate functioning and quality of life. Depression can impair desire, arousal, orgasm and satisfaction before pharmacotherapy, while serotonergic antidepressants may further disturb these domains during treatment, complicating causal attribution and underscoring the need to distinguish depression-related sexual dysfunction from antidepressant-associated sexual dysfunction (AISD). Plant-derived bioactives have attracted interest because several engage systems relevant to both mood and sexual response, including monoaminergic, inflammatory/oxidative, HPA-axis, autonomic and nitric oxide-mediated vascular pathways. We conducted a narrative review based on targeted searches of PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus through June 2026, synthesizing mechanistic and clinical evidence for selected candidates by phenotype specificity to separate direct AISD studies from adjacent clinical or preclinical evidence and mechanistic plausibility. Saffron provides the most coherent AISD-specific signal, supported by small randomized trials in women and men with fluoxetine-associated sexual dysfunction. Maca shows a narrower signal in female SSRI/SNRI-associated sexual dysfunction, particularly in postmenopausal women. Rosa damascena remains preliminary, whereas Ginkgo biloba shows inconsistent controlled evidence and interaction concerns. Panax ginseng, pomegranate and dietary nitrates are mechanistically plausible through endothelial and nitric oxide pathways but lack direct AISD evidence. Overall, current evidence supports mechanistic plausibility and preliminary phenotype-specific signals rather than established efficacy. Plant-derived bioactives are best positioned as investigational adjunctive nutritional modulators within evidence-based psychiatric and sexual-medicine care, pending larger trials with standardized preparations, validated sexual-function outcomes, sex-specific analyses and mechanism-oriented biomarkers.

Objective The aim of the German-language S3 guideline on lichen sclerosus (LS) is to provide an evidence- and consensus-based foundation for the diagnosis and management of this disease. The present publication offers a concise summary of the relevant content, focusing on genital LS in girls and women. This first part addresses, among other aspects, the definition, symptomatology, and diagnosis of LS, as well as its management during pregnancy. The separately published second part focuses on the treatment of LS. Methods The German-language, evidence- and consensus-based S3 guideline on LS was developed under the leadership of the German Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG) and the German Dermatological Society (DDG), based on the European "EuroGuiDerm Guideline on Lichen Sclerosus." The interdisciplinary guideline panel included 24 experts from 16 professional societies and actively involved patient representatives in the development process. Recommendations LS is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with predominant manifestation in the anogenital region. It may be associated with pruritus, pain, sexual dysfunction, urinary symptoms, and constipation, although it can occasionally remain asymptomatic. Awareness of the broad spectrum of symptoms, as well as reversible and irreversible clinical signs, is essential to enable early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Early and adequate therapy can not only alleviate symptoms but also reduce the risk of permanent damage and the development of associated carcinomas. During pregnancy, treatment with topical glucocorticoids should be continued as needed to control disease activity and prevent complications.

Euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis (Hashimoto's disease) has been shown to negatively affect female sexual health; however, this adverse impact appears to be mitigated by vitamin D therapy. Emerging research suggests that vitamin E may reduce susceptibility to autoimmune thyroiditis and that supplementation could contribute to improved sexual health outcomes. The present study aimed to investigate whether vitamin E status influences the effects of exogenous vitamin D on female sexual function and depressive symptoms in individuals with this condition. This pilot study included three cohorts of young women with Hashimoto's disease, matched for age, thyroid antibody titers, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, all exhibiting normal TSH and free thyroid hormone concentrations. The cohorts differed in vitamin E intake: below the recommended daily allowance (group 1), adequate intake (group 2), and high intake (exceeding 400 IU daily; group 3). All participants received vitamin D at a daily dose of 100 µg for six months. Serum hormone levels, thyroid antibody titers, and calculated indices of thyroid homeostasis were evaluated at enrollment and at the conclusion of the study. Female sexual function and depressive symptoms were also evaluated at both time points using validated instruments: the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). At enrollment, group 2 scored higher than the other cohorts in the sexual desire and arousal domains. Vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in all groups. The decrease in antibody titers was most pronounced in group 2, and only in this group did vitamin D enhance thyroid secretory capacity and increase testosterone levels. In group 2, treatment led to improvements across all FSFI domains and the total score. In group 1, positive effects were limited to the lubrication and lack of pain/discomfort domains, whereas group 3 showed no changes in sexual function. Improvements in female sexual function correlated with vitamin E intake, reductions in antibody titers, and increases in testosterone levels. Significant improvements in depressive symptoms, as measured by the BDI-II, were observed exclusively in group 2. Adequate vitamin E intake is essential to achieve the full effects of vitamin D on female sexual function and mood in young euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's disease.

Sexual dysfunction is an underrecognized but clinically relevant manifestation in women with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), with significant implications for quality of life. This review aims to provide a comprehensive synthesis of the biological, clinical, and psychosocial mechanisms underlying sexual dysfunction in axSpA, integrating available literature with supportive quantitative evidence.

The Women's Health Care Committee was established in 2010 to promote women's health. In the fiscal year 2025, the committee advanced research and initiatives with a view toward social implementation, focusing on advancing understanding of disease etiology and improving quality of life (QOL) across the entire female life course, from adolescence to reproductive years, menopause, and older age. This year, nine subcommittees were established, which addressed a broad spectrum of topics, including menopausal disorders and occupational issues, pelvic floor dysfunction during the perinatal period, cancer and sexual education in adolescence, long-term management of Turner syndrome, menstrual disorders, and awareness of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). In addition, emerging areas such as trace elements and supplements, telemedicine, and nutritional assessments have also been explored. Furthermore, cross-cutting discussions were conducted beyond individual diseases and clinical domains, encompassing challenges in healthcare delivery systems, educational frameworks, and the broader social context of women's healthcare. This report is based on the Japanese version of the annual report (Acta Obstetrica et Gynaecologica Japonica 2026; 78(6): 925-930).

Hispanic men have vasectomies at markedly lower rates than non-Hispanic White men in the USA, even though vasectomy is safer, more effective, and less expensive than female sterilisation. Conceptualising vasectomy beyond a biomedical intervention, the article positions vasectomy as a site of political contestation where masculinity, sexual expertise, fertility accountability, access to care, and memories of sterilisation abuse intersect. The results run counter to traditional explanations based solely on machismo. Instead, factors including low awareness, sexual dysfunction myths, Spanish-language counselling barriers, lack of insurance coverage for male contraception, female-focused family planning, provider bias, and medical mistrust from sterilisation abuse against Latina and Mexican-origin women help explain the Hispanic-White vasectomy disparity. Recent increases in vasectomy requests following the US Supreme Court ruling on Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organisation, which ended federal constitutional protection for abortion and returned its regulation to individual states, suggest that men will access permanent contraception when reproductive circumstances change. However, inequities may continue to limit Hispanic men's access and use unless sexual and reproductive health policy is culturally grounded, gender-balanced, linguistically accessible and responsive to the history of coercive sterilisation in the USA.