• Monitor ECG, heart rate, color, chest expansion, facial expression, transcutaneous oxygen saturation, and endotracheal tube patency continuously during dosing. Continuous bedside monitoring should continue for at least 30 min after dosing.

• Monitor ABGs frequently to prevent hyperoxia or hypocarbia.

• If chest expansion improves substantially after dosing, reduce peak inspiratory ventilator pressures immediately to prevent lung overdistention and fatal pulmonary leak.

» If infant becomes pink and transcutaneous oxygen saturation is in excess of 95%, reduce FIO₂ in small but repeated steps immediately to prevent hyperoxia.

» If arterial or transcutaneous CO₂ measurements are less than 30 mm Hg, ventilator rate should be reduced immediately to prevent hypocarbia.