Increased In:

Evidenced by the combination of detectable gliadin or endomysial antibodies and improvement with a gluten-free diet.

• Asymptomatic gluten-sensitive enteropathy
• Celiac disease
• Dermatitis herpetiformis (etiology of this skin manifestation is unknown, but there is an association related to gluten-sensitive enteropathy)
• Nontropical sprue

Decreased In:

• IgA deficiency (related to an inability to produce IgA and evidenced by decreased IgA levels and false-negative IgA gliadin tests)
• Children under the age of 18 mo (related to immature immune system and low production of IgA)