Proptosis (exophthalmos)
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DDx
- Graves’ ophthalmopathy
- Orbital cellulitis
- Orbital pseudotumor
- Tumor, eg, hemangioma, optic nerve glioma
- Trauma or orbital hemorrhage
- Retracted eyelid (normal variant)
- Inflammatory disease, eg, Wegener’s granulomatosis, sarcoidosis
- Carotid cavernous fistula, dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM), or cavernous sinus thrombosis
- Posterior scleritis
- Hand-Schuller-Christian disease (eosinophilic granuloma)
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DDx
- Graves’ ophthalmopathy
- Orbital cellulitis
- Orbital pseudotumor
- Tumor, eg, hemangioma, optic nerve glioma
- Trauma or orbital hemorrhage
- Retracted eyelid (normal variant)
- Inflammatory disease, eg, Wegener’s granulomatosis, sarcoidosis
- Carotid cavernous fistula, dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM), or cavernous sinus thrombosis
- Posterior scleritis
- Hand-Schuller-Christian disease (eosinophilic granuloma)
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