Vitamin B12 deficiency
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Etiology
- Dietary deficiency (seen in vegans)
- Decreased intrinsic factor production: pernicious anemia, gastrectomy
- Competition for B12 in gut: blind loop syndrome, fish tapeworm (rare)
- Decreased ileal B12 absorption: surgical resection, Crohn's disease, metformin
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Helicobacter pylori infection
- Transcobalamin II deficiency (rare)
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Etiology
- Dietary deficiency (seen in vegans)
- Decreased intrinsic factor production: pernicious anemia, gastrectomy
- Competition for B12 in gut: blind loop syndrome, fish tapeworm (rare)
- Decreased ileal B12 absorption: surgical resection, Crohn's disease, metformin
- Pancreatic insufficiency
- Helicobacter pylori infection
- Transcobalamin II deficiency (rare)
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