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Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 wk.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 May; 69(5):944-52.AJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The characteristics of vegetarian diets suggest that these diets would have lower dietary iron bioavailability than nonvegetarian diets, but there is no evidence of iron deficiency in vegetarians.

OBJECTIVE

We evaluated the responsiveness of serum and fecal ferritin to differences in iron absorption from controlled lactoovovegetarian and nonvegetarian diets.

DESIGN

Twenty-one women aged 20-42 y with serum ferritin concentrations from 6 to 149 microg/L consumed lactoovovegetarian and nonvegetarian weighed diets for 8 wk each (crossover design). The diets differed substantially in meat and phytic acid contents. Nonheme-iron absorption was measured from the whole diets after 4 wk by using extrinsic 59Fe and whole-body counting. Ferritin in extracts of fecal composites and in serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay the last 2 wk of each diet.

RESULTS

Nonheme-iron absorption was less from the lactoovovegetarian diet than from the nonvegetarian diet (1.1% compared with 3.8%; P < 0.01; n = 10). Diet did not affect hemoglobin, transferrin saturation, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, or serum ferritin. Substantially less fecal ferritin was excreted with the lactoovovegetarian diet than with the nonvegetarian diet (1.1 compared with 6.0 microg/d, respectively; P < 0.01; n = 21).

CONCLUSIONS

This research indicates 1) 70% lower nonheme-iron absorption from a lactoovovegetarian diet than from a nonvegetarian diet; 2) an associated decrease in fecal ferritin excretion, suggesting partial physiologic adaptation to increase the efficiency of iron absorption; and 3) an insensitivity of blood iron indexes, including serum ferritin, to substantial differences in dietary iron absorption for 8 wk.

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  • Publisher Full Text

    • Authors+Show Affiliations

    Hunt JR
    US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, ND 58202-9034, USA. jhunt@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov
    Roughead ZK
    No affiliation info available

    MeSH

    AdultAnimalsBiological AvailabilityDietEggsFecesFemaleFerritinsHumansIntestinal AbsorptionIntestinal MucosaIronIron, DietaryMilkNonheme Iron ProteinsVegetables

    Pub Type(s)

    Journal Article

    Language

    eng

    PubMed ID

    10232635

    Citation

    Hunt, J R., and Z K. Roughead. "Nonheme-iron Absorption, Fecal Ferritin Excretion, and Blood Indexes of Iron Status in Women Consuming Controlled Lactoovovegetarian Diets for 8 Wk." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 69, no. 5, 1999, pp. 944-52.
    Hunt JR, Roughead ZK. Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 wk. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69(5):944-52.
    Hunt, J. R., & Roughead, Z. K. (1999). Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 wk. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 69(5), 944-52.
    Hunt JR, Roughead ZK. Nonheme-iron Absorption, Fecal Ferritin Excretion, and Blood Indexes of Iron Status in Women Consuming Controlled Lactoovovegetarian Diets for 8 Wk. Am J Clin Nutr. 1999;69(5):944-52. PubMed PMID: 10232635.
    * Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
    TY - JOUR T1 - Nonheme-iron absorption, fecal ferritin excretion, and blood indexes of iron status in women consuming controlled lactoovovegetarian diets for 8 wk. AU - Hunt,J R, AU - Roughead,Z K, PY - 1999/5/8/pubmed PY - 1999/5/8/medline PY - 1999/5/8/entrez SP - 944 EP - 52 JF - The American journal of clinical nutrition JO - Am. J. Clin. Nutr. VL - 69 IS - 5 N2 - BACKGROUND: The characteristics of vegetarian diets suggest that these diets would have lower dietary iron bioavailability than nonvegetarian diets, but there is no evidence of iron deficiency in vegetarians. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the responsiveness of serum and fecal ferritin to differences in iron absorption from controlled lactoovovegetarian and nonvegetarian diets. DESIGN: Twenty-one women aged 20-42 y with serum ferritin concentrations from 6 to 149 microg/L consumed lactoovovegetarian and nonvegetarian weighed diets for 8 wk each (crossover design). The diets differed substantially in meat and phytic acid contents. Nonheme-iron absorption was measured from the whole diets after 4 wk by using extrinsic 59Fe and whole-body counting. Ferritin in extracts of fecal composites and in serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay the last 2 wk of each diet. RESULTS: Nonheme-iron absorption was less from the lactoovovegetarian diet than from the nonvegetarian diet (1.1% compared with 3.8%; P < 0.01; n = 10). Diet did not affect hemoglobin, transferrin saturation, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, or serum ferritin. Substantially less fecal ferritin was excreted with the lactoovovegetarian diet than with the nonvegetarian diet (1.1 compared with 6.0 microg/d, respectively; P < 0.01; n = 21). CONCLUSIONS: This research indicates 1) 70% lower nonheme-iron absorption from a lactoovovegetarian diet than from a nonvegetarian diet; 2) an associated decrease in fecal ferritin excretion, suggesting partial physiologic adaptation to increase the efficiency of iron absorption; and 3) an insensitivity of blood iron indexes, including serum ferritin, to substantial differences in dietary iron absorption for 8 wk. SN - 0002-9165 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10232635/Nonheme_iron_absorption_fecal_ferritin_excretion_and_blood_indexes_of_iron_status_in_women_consuming_controlled_lactoovovegetarian_diets_for_8_wk_ L2 - https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ajcn/69.5.944 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -