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Relation of consumption of vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids to risk for stroke among men in the United States.
Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jun 15; 130(12):963-70.AIM

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Antioxidants increase the resistance of low-density lipoprotein to oxidation and may thereby reduce risk for atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE

To determine whether intake of vitamin E, vitamin C, or carotenoids predict risk for total or ischemic stroke.

DESIGN

Prospective observational study.

SETTING

The Health Professionals Follow-up Study.

PARTICIPANTS

43,738 men 40 to 75 years of age who did not have cardiovascular disease or diabetes.

MEASUREMENTS

Repeated and validated dietary assessments were done by using a self-administered 131-item food-frequency questionnaire, which included questions on dose and duration of vitamin supplement use. The follow-up period was 8 years.

RESULTS

A total of 328 strokes occurred: 210 ischemic, 70 hemorrhagic, and 48 unclassified. After adjustment for age, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, physical activity, parental history of myocardial infarction, alcohol consumption, and total energy intake, the relative risk for ischemic stroke in the top quintile of vitamin E intake (median, 411 IU/d) compared with the bottom quintile (5.4 IU/d) was 1.18 (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.82). The relative risk for ischemic stroke in the top quintile of vitamin C intake (1167 mg/d) compared with the bottom quintile (95 mg/d) was 1.03 (CI, 0.66 to 1.59). Results for total stroke were similar. Associations of vitamin intake with hemorrhagic stroke were also nonsignificant, but the CIs were wide. Neither dose nor duration of vitamin E or vitamin C supplement use was related to risk for total or ischemic stroke. The relative risk for ischemic stroke was 1.16 (CI, 0.81 to 1.67) in men using 250 IU or more of vitamin E supplementation per day compared with men who used no vitamin E supplements and was 0.93 (CI, 0.60 to 1.45) in men using 700 mg or more of vitamin C supplementation per day compared with men who used no vitamin C supplements. A significant inverse relation between lutein intake and risk for ischemic stroke was seen but was not independent of other dietary factors.

CONCLUSIONS

Vitamin E and vitamin C supplements and specific carotenoids did not seem to substantially reduce risk for stroke in this cohort. Modest effects, however, cannot be excluded.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Ascherio A
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. alberto.ascherio@channing.harvard.edu
Rimm EB
No affiliation info available
Hernán MA
No affiliation info available
Giovannucci E
No affiliation info available
Kawachi I
No affiliation info available
Stampfer MJ
No affiliation info available
Willett WC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAgedAntioxidantsAscorbic AcidCerebrovascular DisordersFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsProspective StudiesRegression AnalysisRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesVitamin Ebeta Carotene

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

10383366

Clinical Trial Links

Health Professionals Follow-up Study

Citation

Ascherio, A, et al. "Relation of Consumption of Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and Carotenoids to Risk for Stroke Among Men in the United States." Annals of Internal Medicine, vol. 130, no. 12, 1999, pp. 963-70.
Ascherio A, Rimm EB, Hernán MA, et al. Relation of consumption of vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids to risk for stroke among men in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130(12):963-70.
Ascherio, A., Rimm, E. B., Hernán, M. A., Giovannucci, E., Kawachi, I., Stampfer, M. J., & Willett, W. C. (1999). Relation of consumption of vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids to risk for stroke among men in the United States. Annals of Internal Medicine, 130(12), 963-70.
Ascherio A, et al. Relation of Consumption of Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and Carotenoids to Risk for Stroke Among Men in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jun 15;130(12):963-70. PubMed PMID: 10383366.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Relation of consumption of vitamin E, vitamin C, and carotenoids to risk for stroke among men in the United States. AU - Ascherio,A, AU - Rimm,E B, AU - Hernán,M A, AU - Giovannucci,E, AU - Kawachi,I, AU - Stampfer,M J, AU - Willett,W C, PY - 1999/6/26/pubmed PY - 2000/9/8/medline PY - 1999/6/26/entrez SP - 963 EP - 70 JF - Annals of internal medicine JO - Ann Intern Med VL - 130 IS - 12 N2 - BACKGROUND: Antioxidants increase the resistance of low-density lipoprotein to oxidation and may thereby reduce risk for atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether intake of vitamin E, vitamin C, or carotenoids predict risk for total or ischemic stroke. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: The Health Professionals Follow-up Study. PARTICIPANTS: 43,738 men 40 to 75 years of age who did not have cardiovascular disease or diabetes. MEASUREMENTS: Repeated and validated dietary assessments were done by using a self-administered 131-item food-frequency questionnaire, which included questions on dose and duration of vitamin supplement use. The follow-up period was 8 years. RESULTS: A total of 328 strokes occurred: 210 ischemic, 70 hemorrhagic, and 48 unclassified. After adjustment for age, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, body mass index, physical activity, parental history of myocardial infarction, alcohol consumption, and total energy intake, the relative risk for ischemic stroke in the top quintile of vitamin E intake (median, 411 IU/d) compared with the bottom quintile (5.4 IU/d) was 1.18 (95% CI, 0.77 to 1.82). The relative risk for ischemic stroke in the top quintile of vitamin C intake (1167 mg/d) compared with the bottom quintile (95 mg/d) was 1.03 (CI, 0.66 to 1.59). Results for total stroke were similar. Associations of vitamin intake with hemorrhagic stroke were also nonsignificant, but the CIs were wide. Neither dose nor duration of vitamin E or vitamin C supplement use was related to risk for total or ischemic stroke. The relative risk for ischemic stroke was 1.16 (CI, 0.81 to 1.67) in men using 250 IU or more of vitamin E supplementation per day compared with men who used no vitamin E supplements and was 0.93 (CI, 0.60 to 1.45) in men using 700 mg or more of vitamin C supplementation per day compared with men who used no vitamin C supplements. A significant inverse relation between lutein intake and risk for ischemic stroke was seen but was not independent of other dietary factors. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin E and vitamin C supplements and specific carotenoids did not seem to substantially reduce risk for stroke in this cohort. Modest effects, however, cannot be excluded. SN - 0003-4819 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10383366/Relation_of_consumption_of_vitamin_E_vitamin_C_and_carotenoids_to_risk_for_stroke_among_men_in_the_United_States_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -