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Executive functioning deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are independent of oppositional defiant or reading disorder.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999 Sep; 38(9):1148-55.JA

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate deficits of executive functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) classified by type (combined [CT] or predominantly inattentive [IT]) and comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and reading disorder (RD).

METHOD

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Tower of Hanoi (TOH) were administered to 28 community volunteers and 359 children (7.5-13.5 years old) divided into ADHD types, RD, and ODD.

RESULTS

ADHD/CT children solved fewer puzzles and violated more rules on the TOH than ADHD/IT or non-ADHD subjects. On the WCST there were no differences between diagnostic samples in perseverativeness, but ADHD/CT patients made more nonperseverative errors than ADHD/IT children. ODD was associated with moderately better TOH performance and RD with excessive rule breaks.

CONCLUSIONS

Executive functioning deficits were found for only ADHD/CT children and were independent of comorbidity with RD or ODD.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Klorman R
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, New York 14620-0266, USA. klorman@psych.rochester.edu
Hazel-Fernandez LA
No affiliation info available
Shaywitz SE
No affiliation info available
Fletcher JM
No affiliation info available
Marchione KE
No affiliation info available
Holahan JM
No affiliation info available
Stuebing KK
No affiliation info available
Shaywitz BA
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityAttention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior DisordersChildCognition DisordersComorbidityFemaleHumansMaleProblem SolvingReading

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

10504814

Citation

Klorman, R, et al. "Executive Functioning Deficits in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Are Independent of Oppositional Defiant or Reading Disorder." Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 38, no. 9, 1999, pp. 1148-55.
Klorman R, Hazel-Fernandez LA, Shaywitz SE, et al. Executive functioning deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are independent of oppositional defiant or reading disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38(9):1148-55.
Klorman, R., Hazel-Fernandez, L. A., Shaywitz, S. E., Fletcher, J. M., Marchione, K. E., Holahan, J. M., Stuebing, K. K., & Shaywitz, B. A. (1999). Executive functioning deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are independent of oppositional defiant or reading disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(9), 1148-55.
Klorman R, et al. Executive Functioning Deficits in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder Are Independent of Oppositional Defiant or Reading Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38(9):1148-55. PubMed PMID: 10504814.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Executive functioning deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are independent of oppositional defiant or reading disorder. AU - Klorman,R, AU - Hazel-Fernandez,L A, AU - Shaywitz,S E, AU - Fletcher,J M, AU - Marchione,K E, AU - Holahan,J M, AU - Stuebing,K K, AU - Shaywitz,B A, PY - 1999/10/3/pubmed PY - 1999/10/3/medline PY - 1999/10/3/entrez SP - 1148 EP - 55 JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry JO - J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry VL - 38 IS - 9 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To evaluate deficits of executive functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) classified by type (combined [CT] or predominantly inattentive [IT]) and comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and reading disorder (RD). METHOD: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Tower of Hanoi (TOH) were administered to 28 community volunteers and 359 children (7.5-13.5 years old) divided into ADHD types, RD, and ODD. RESULTS: ADHD/CT children solved fewer puzzles and violated more rules on the TOH than ADHD/IT or non-ADHD subjects. On the WCST there were no differences between diagnostic samples in perseverativeness, but ADHD/CT patients made more nonperseverative errors than ADHD/IT children. ODD was associated with moderately better TOH performance and RD with excessive rule breaks. CONCLUSIONS: Executive functioning deficits were found for only ADHD/CT children and were independent of comorbidity with RD or ODD. SN - 0890-8567 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10504814/Executive_functioning_deficits_in_attention_deficit/hyperactivity_disorder_are_independent_of_oppositional_defiant_or_reading_disorder_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0890-8567(09)63214-7 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -