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Melatonin as a pharmacological agent against neuronal loss in experimental models of Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and parkinsonism.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999; 890:471-85.AN

Abstract

This review summarizes the experimental findings related to the neuroprotective role of melatonin. In particular, it focuses on research directed at models of Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinsonism. Melatonin has been shown to be highly effective in reducing oxidative damage in the central nervous system; this efficacy derives from its ability to directly scavenge a number of free radicals and to function as an indirect antioxidant. In particular, melatonin detoxifies the highly toxic hydroxyl radical as well as the peroxyl radical, peroxynitrite anion, nitric oxide, and singlet oxygen, all of which can damage macromolecules in brain cells. Additionally, melatonin stimulates a variety of antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. One additional advantage melatonin has in reducing oxidative damage in the central nervous system is the ease with which to crosses the blood-brain barrier. This combination of actions makes melatonin a highly effective pharmacological agent against free radical damage. The role of physiological levels of melatonin in forestalling oxidative damage in the brain is currently being tested.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Reiter RJ
Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78229-3900, USA. Reiter@uthscsa.edu
Cabrera J
No affiliation info available
Sainz RM
No affiliation info available
Mayo JC
No affiliation info available
Manchester LC
No affiliation info available
Tan DX
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsCell DeathDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalFree Radical ScavengersFree RadicalsHuntington DiseaseMelatoninNeuronsParkinsonian Disorders

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

10668453

Citation

Reiter, R J., et al. "Melatonin as a Pharmacological Agent Against Neuronal Loss in Experimental Models of Huntington's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinsonism." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 890, 1999, pp. 471-85.
Reiter RJ, Cabrera J, Sainz RM, et al. Melatonin as a pharmacological agent against neuronal loss in experimental models of Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and parkinsonism. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;890:471-85.
Reiter, R. J., Cabrera, J., Sainz, R. M., Mayo, J. C., Manchester, L. C., & Tan, D. X. (1999). Melatonin as a pharmacological agent against neuronal loss in experimental models of Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and parkinsonism. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 890, 471-85.
Reiter RJ, et al. Melatonin as a Pharmacological Agent Against Neuronal Loss in Experimental Models of Huntington's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinsonism. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;890:471-85. PubMed PMID: 10668453.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Melatonin as a pharmacological agent against neuronal loss in experimental models of Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and parkinsonism. AU - Reiter,R J, AU - Cabrera,J, AU - Sainz,R M, AU - Mayo,J C, AU - Manchester,L C, AU - Tan,D X, PY - 2000/2/11/pubmed PY - 2000/3/18/medline PY - 2000/2/11/entrez SP - 471 EP - 85 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences JO - Ann N Y Acad Sci VL - 890 N2 - This review summarizes the experimental findings related to the neuroprotective role of melatonin. In particular, it focuses on research directed at models of Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinsonism. Melatonin has been shown to be highly effective in reducing oxidative damage in the central nervous system; this efficacy derives from its ability to directly scavenge a number of free radicals and to function as an indirect antioxidant. In particular, melatonin detoxifies the highly toxic hydroxyl radical as well as the peroxyl radical, peroxynitrite anion, nitric oxide, and singlet oxygen, all of which can damage macromolecules in brain cells. Additionally, melatonin stimulates a variety of antioxidative enzymes including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. One additional advantage melatonin has in reducing oxidative damage in the central nervous system is the ease with which to crosses the blood-brain barrier. This combination of actions makes melatonin a highly effective pharmacological agent against free radical damage. The role of physiological levels of melatonin in forestalling oxidative damage in the brain is currently being tested. SN - 0077-8923 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10668453/Melatonin_as_a_pharmacological_agent_against_neuronal_loss_in_experimental_models_of_Huntington's_disease_Alzheimer's_disease_and_parkinsonism_ L2 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/openurl?genre=article&sid=nlm:pubmed&issn=0077-8923&date=1999&volume=890&spage=471 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -