Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Phonological processing, not inhibitory control, differentiates ADHD and reading disability.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Apr; 39(4):485-94.JA

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To test for the distinctiveness of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability (RD) and the independence of the cognitive domains, inhibition and phonological processing, which are proposed as central to ADHD and RD, respectively, using a classic double dissociation design.

METHOD

A 2 (ADHD versus no ADHD) x 2 (RD versus no RD) model was used to examine the cognitive profile of 4 groups of children, aged 7 to 11 years. Two measures of inhibitory control and 3 phonological processing measures were used.

RESULTS

The 2 RD groups (RD, ADHD + RD) were significantly impaired relative to the 2 non-RD groups (controls, ADHD) on all phonological processing measures. The 2 ADHD groups were significantly impaired on simple go-task responding relative to the non-ADHD groups and in inhibition. Contrary to predictions, an RD effect on inhibitory control was found on one inhibition measure. The comorbid group (ADHD + RD) generally exhibited the deficits of both single groups in an additive fashion.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings question the role of inhibitory control as a unique cognitive marker for ADHD and suggest true comorbidity for children with both ADHD and RD.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Purvis KL
Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Tannock R
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityCase-Control StudiesChildCognitionComorbidityConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicDyslexiaFemaleHumansInhibition, PsychologicalMaleMultivariate AnalysisNeuropsychological TestsPhonetics

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

10761351

Citation

Purvis, K L., and R Tannock. "Phonological Processing, Not Inhibitory Control, Differentiates ADHD and Reading Disability." Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 39, no. 4, 2000, pp. 485-94.
Purvis KL, Tannock R. Phonological processing, not inhibitory control, differentiates ADHD and reading disability. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39(4):485-94.
Purvis, K. L., & Tannock, R. (2000). Phonological processing, not inhibitory control, differentiates ADHD and reading disability. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39(4), 485-94.
Purvis KL, Tannock R. Phonological Processing, Not Inhibitory Control, Differentiates ADHD and Reading Disability. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000;39(4):485-94. PubMed PMID: 10761351.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Phonological processing, not inhibitory control, differentiates ADHD and reading disability. AU - Purvis,K L, AU - Tannock,R, PY - 2000/4/13/pubmed PY - 2000/5/8/medline PY - 2000/4/13/entrez SP - 485 EP - 94 JF - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry JO - J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry VL - 39 IS - 4 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To test for the distinctiveness of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability (RD) and the independence of the cognitive domains, inhibition and phonological processing, which are proposed as central to ADHD and RD, respectively, using a classic double dissociation design. METHOD: A 2 (ADHD versus no ADHD) x 2 (RD versus no RD) model was used to examine the cognitive profile of 4 groups of children, aged 7 to 11 years. Two measures of inhibitory control and 3 phonological processing measures were used. RESULTS: The 2 RD groups (RD, ADHD + RD) were significantly impaired relative to the 2 non-RD groups (controls, ADHD) on all phonological processing measures. The 2 ADHD groups were significantly impaired on simple go-task responding relative to the non-ADHD groups and in inhibition. Contrary to predictions, an RD effect on inhibitory control was found on one inhibition measure. The comorbid group (ADHD + RD) generally exhibited the deficits of both single groups in an additive fashion. CONCLUSIONS: These findings question the role of inhibitory control as a unique cognitive marker for ADHD and suggest true comorbidity for children with both ADHD and RD. SN - 0890-8567 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10761351/Phonological_processing_not_inhibitory_control_differentiates_ADHD_and_reading_disability_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -