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Normalisation of hair follicle morphology in C3H/HeJ alopecia areata mice after treatment with squaric acid dibutylester.
Eur J Dermatol. 2000 Aug; 10(6):443-50.EJ

Abstract

Alopecia areata is a non-scarring, reversible disorder, presumably caused by an autoimmune attack on anagen hair follicles. Treatments are numerous, and most of these are ineffective. However, the elicitation of contact dermatitis on the affected skin is commonly associated with hair regrowth. A major advance in the study of alopecia areata has been the introduction and characterisation of the C3H/HeJ mouse model that exhibits many features of the human disease. In this study we examined the effects of squaric acid dibutylester treatment on hair follicles and the associated leukocyte infiltrate in alopecia areata mice by light and transmission electron microscopic analysis. This was compared with unaffected normal mice and alopecic untreated mice. Experimental mice were treated unilaterally with the contact allergen squaric acid dibutylester and the skin was assessed after hair regrowth. The characteristic pathological picture of alopecia areata was observed in alopecic but not normal mice. Nine of eleven experimental mice regrew hair on the treated side only and this was associated with a reduction in peri/intrafollicular inflammatory cell infiltrates, hair follicle dystrophy, melanin incontinence/clumping, and an increase in the numbers of hair follicles in full anagen. This normalisation of hair follicle status after treatment reflects the successful reversal of disease in these mice. The mechanism of action of topical immunotherapy with a potent contact allergen such as squaric acid dibutylester still needs to be elucidated, but an altered immune milieu is suspected. This study further validates the C3H/HeJ mouse model of alopecia areata in the search for therapeutic interventions in this common hair follicle disorder.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Gardner S
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, England.
Freyschmidt-Paul P
No affiliation info available
Hoffmann R
No affiliation info available
Sundberg JP
No affiliation info available
Happle R
No affiliation info available
Lindsey NJ
No affiliation info available
Tobin DJ
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Adjuvants, ImmunologicAlopecia AreataAnimalsCyclobutanesFemaleHairHair ColorHair FollicleMaleMiceMice, Inbred C3HMicroscopy, Electron

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

10980465

Citation

Gardner, S, et al. "Normalisation of Hair Follicle Morphology in C3H/HeJ Alopecia Areata Mice After Treatment With Squaric Acid Dibutylester." European Journal of Dermatology : EJD, vol. 10, no. 6, 2000, pp. 443-50.
Gardner S, Freyschmidt-Paul P, Hoffmann R, et al. Normalisation of hair follicle morphology in C3H/HeJ alopecia areata mice after treatment with squaric acid dibutylester. Eur J Dermatol. 2000;10(6):443-50.
Gardner, S., Freyschmidt-Paul, P., Hoffmann, R., Sundberg, J. P., Happle, R., Lindsey, N. J., & Tobin, D. J. (2000). Normalisation of hair follicle morphology in C3H/HeJ alopecia areata mice after treatment with squaric acid dibutylester. European Journal of Dermatology : EJD, 10(6), 443-50.
Gardner S, et al. Normalisation of Hair Follicle Morphology in C3H/HeJ Alopecia Areata Mice After Treatment With Squaric Acid Dibutylester. Eur J Dermatol. 2000;10(6):443-50. PubMed PMID: 10980465.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Normalisation of hair follicle morphology in C3H/HeJ alopecia areata mice after treatment with squaric acid dibutylester. AU - Gardner,S, AU - Freyschmidt-Paul,P, AU - Hoffmann,R, AU - Sundberg,J P, AU - Happle,R, AU - Lindsey,N J, AU - Tobin,D J, PY - 2000/9/12/pubmed PY - 2000/10/14/medline PY - 2000/9/12/entrez SP - 443 EP - 50 JF - European journal of dermatology : EJD JO - Eur J Dermatol VL - 10 IS - 6 N2 - Alopecia areata is a non-scarring, reversible disorder, presumably caused by an autoimmune attack on anagen hair follicles. Treatments are numerous, and most of these are ineffective. However, the elicitation of contact dermatitis on the affected skin is commonly associated with hair regrowth. A major advance in the study of alopecia areata has been the introduction and characterisation of the C3H/HeJ mouse model that exhibits many features of the human disease. In this study we examined the effects of squaric acid dibutylester treatment on hair follicles and the associated leukocyte infiltrate in alopecia areata mice by light and transmission electron microscopic analysis. This was compared with unaffected normal mice and alopecic untreated mice. Experimental mice were treated unilaterally with the contact allergen squaric acid dibutylester and the skin was assessed after hair regrowth. The characteristic pathological picture of alopecia areata was observed in alopecic but not normal mice. Nine of eleven experimental mice regrew hair on the treated side only and this was associated with a reduction in peri/intrafollicular inflammatory cell infiltrates, hair follicle dystrophy, melanin incontinence/clumping, and an increase in the numbers of hair follicles in full anagen. This normalisation of hair follicle status after treatment reflects the successful reversal of disease in these mice. The mechanism of action of topical immunotherapy with a potent contact allergen such as squaric acid dibutylester still needs to be elucidated, but an altered immune milieu is suspected. This study further validates the C3H/HeJ mouse model of alopecia areata in the search for therapeutic interventions in this common hair follicle disorder. SN - 1167-1122 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10980465/Normalisation_of_hair_follicle_morphology_in_C3H/HeJ_alopecia_areata_mice_after_treatment_with_squaric_acid_dibutylester_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -