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Mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease related to smoking and changes in smoking during a 35-year follow-up of middle-aged Finnish men.
Eur Heart J. 2000 Oct; 21(19):1621-6.EH

Abstract

AIMS

The risk of early and late death in relation to smoking and ex-smoking were studied.

METHODS AND RESULTS

A cohort of 1711 Finnish men born between 1900 and 1919 were recruited in 1959 and followed up for 35 years. Information on smoking status was collected at each of six examinations made from 1959 to 1989 using a standardized questionnaire. Vital status at the end of 1994 was collected for every man. The effect of smoking on mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards model. Adjusted ratios for 35-year all-cause mortality were 1.62 (95% CI 1.40-1.88) in current smokers and 1.13 (CI 0.93-1.36) in former smokers compared with non-smokers. The hazards ratios for 35-year coronary heart disease mortality were 1. 63 (CI 1.24-2.13) and 1.39 (CI 1.00-1.94), respectively. The risk for 10 year mortality was stronger than for 35 year mortality among both former and current smokers, given the same amount of cigarettes consumed. Men smoking persistently were most at risk, while those who persisted in quitting had no increased risk of death compared with non-smokers.

CONCLUSION

Smoking increases the risk of premature death in middle-aged men and giving up smoking earlier in life can prevent smoking attributable premature death.

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Publisher Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Qiao Q
Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Tervahauta M
No affiliation info available
Nissinen A
No affiliation info available
Tuomilehto J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultCause of DeathCoronary DiseaseFinlandFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSmokingSmoking CessationSmoking PreventionSurveys and QuestionnairesSurvival Rate

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

10988015

Citation

Qiao, Q, et al. "Mortality From All Causes and From Coronary Heart Disease Related to Smoking and Changes in Smoking During a 35-year Follow-up of Middle-aged Finnish Men." European Heart Journal, vol. 21, no. 19, 2000, pp. 1621-6.
Qiao Q, Tervahauta M, Nissinen A, et al. Mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease related to smoking and changes in smoking during a 35-year follow-up of middle-aged Finnish men. Eur Heart J. 2000;21(19):1621-6.
Qiao, Q., Tervahauta, M., Nissinen, A., & Tuomilehto, J. (2000). Mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease related to smoking and changes in smoking during a 35-year follow-up of middle-aged Finnish men. European Heart Journal, 21(19), 1621-6.
Qiao Q, et al. Mortality From All Causes and From Coronary Heart Disease Related to Smoking and Changes in Smoking During a 35-year Follow-up of Middle-aged Finnish Men. Eur Heart J. 2000;21(19):1621-6. PubMed PMID: 10988015.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality from all causes and from coronary heart disease related to smoking and changes in smoking during a 35-year follow-up of middle-aged Finnish men. AU - Qiao,Q, AU - Tervahauta,M, AU - Nissinen,A, AU - Tuomilehto,J, PY - 2000/9/16/pubmed PY - 2001/2/28/medline PY - 2000/9/16/entrez SP - 1621 EP - 6 JF - European heart journal JO - Eur Heart J VL - 21 IS - 19 N2 - AIMS: The risk of early and late death in relation to smoking and ex-smoking were studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: A cohort of 1711 Finnish men born between 1900 and 1919 were recruited in 1959 and followed up for 35 years. Information on smoking status was collected at each of six examinations made from 1959 to 1989 using a standardized questionnaire. Vital status at the end of 1994 was collected for every man. The effect of smoking on mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazards model. Adjusted ratios for 35-year all-cause mortality were 1.62 (95% CI 1.40-1.88) in current smokers and 1.13 (CI 0.93-1.36) in former smokers compared with non-smokers. The hazards ratios for 35-year coronary heart disease mortality were 1. 63 (CI 1.24-2.13) and 1.39 (CI 1.00-1.94), respectively. The risk for 10 year mortality was stronger than for 35 year mortality among both former and current smokers, given the same amount of cigarettes consumed. Men smoking persistently were most at risk, while those who persisted in quitting had no increased risk of death compared with non-smokers. CONCLUSION: Smoking increases the risk of premature death in middle-aged men and giving up smoking earlier in life can prevent smoking attributable premature death. SN - 0195-668X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/10988015/Mortality_from_all_causes_and_from_coronary_heart_disease_related_to_smoking_and_changes_in_smoking_during_a_35_year_follow_up_of_middle_aged_Finnish_men_ L2 - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article-lookup/doi/10.1053/euhj.2000.2151 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -