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Effectiveness of the sulfur(IV) compound, sodium bisulfite, in reducing chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chlorite toxicity to Daphnia magna in well water and pond water.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Mar; 20(3):530-6.ET

Abstract

Flow-through toxicity tests were conducted with Daphnia magna to determine the residual toxicity of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chlorite after treatment with the sulfur(IV) compound sodium bisulfite. Daphnids were exposed separately to 0.5-mg/L concentrations of each of the three compounds without the addition of sodium bisulfite, with a low stoichiometric dose of sodium bisulfite, and with a high stoichiometric dose of sodium bisulfite. Tests were performed in well water with a low total organic carbon (TOC) content and pond water with a high TOC content. Analysis of results indicated that sodium bisulfite did not eliminate the toxicity of chlorine dioxide or chlorite to D. magna. Total residual oxidant (TRO) concentrations were reduced and survival times were extended, but acute toxicity persisted even with a S(IV) concentration 10.0 times the stoichiometric ratio of oxidant. Mortality occurred in chlorine dioxide treatments in which no TRO was detected, indicating that standard analytical (amperometric) techniques may be inadequate to detect toxicity. Sodium bisulfite did succeed in eliminating chlorine toxicity except in pond water receiving a low (3.0x) sodium bisulfite dose. Oxidant reactions with organic substrates may have produced chlorinated residuals that were resistant to S(IV) dechlorination.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Yonkos LT
University of Maryland, Wye Research and Education Center, Queenstown 21658, USA. ly11@umail.umd.edu
Fisher DJ
No affiliation info available
Burton DT
No affiliation info available
Whitekettle WK
No affiliation info available
Peterille JC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsChloridesChlorineChlorine CompoundsDaphniaFresh WaterOxidesSulfitesWater Purification

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

11349853

Citation

Yonkos, L T., et al. "Effectiveness of the sulfur(IV) Compound, Sodium Bisulfite, in Reducing Chlorine, Chlorine Dioxide, and Chlorite Toxicity to Daphnia Magna in Well Water and Pond Water." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, vol. 20, no. 3, 2001, pp. 530-6.
Yonkos LT, Fisher DJ, Burton DT, et al. Effectiveness of the sulfur(IV) compound, sodium bisulfite, in reducing chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chlorite toxicity to Daphnia magna in well water and pond water. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001;20(3):530-6.
Yonkos, L. T., Fisher, D. J., Burton, D. T., Whitekettle, W. K., & Peterille, J. C. (2001). Effectiveness of the sulfur(IV) compound, sodium bisulfite, in reducing chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chlorite toxicity to Daphnia magna in well water and pond water. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 20(3), 530-6.
Yonkos LT, et al. Effectiveness of the sulfur(IV) Compound, Sodium Bisulfite, in Reducing Chlorine, Chlorine Dioxide, and Chlorite Toxicity to Daphnia Magna in Well Water and Pond Water. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001;20(3):530-6. PubMed PMID: 11349853.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Effectiveness of the sulfur(IV) compound, sodium bisulfite, in reducing chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chlorite toxicity to Daphnia magna in well water and pond water. AU - Yonkos,L T, AU - Fisher,D J, AU - Burton,D T, AU - Whitekettle,W K, AU - Peterille,J C, PY - 2001/5/15/pubmed PY - 2001/6/8/medline PY - 2001/5/15/entrez SP - 530 EP - 6 JF - Environmental toxicology and chemistry JO - Environ Toxicol Chem VL - 20 IS - 3 N2 - Flow-through toxicity tests were conducted with Daphnia magna to determine the residual toxicity of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and chlorite after treatment with the sulfur(IV) compound sodium bisulfite. Daphnids were exposed separately to 0.5-mg/L concentrations of each of the three compounds without the addition of sodium bisulfite, with a low stoichiometric dose of sodium bisulfite, and with a high stoichiometric dose of sodium bisulfite. Tests were performed in well water with a low total organic carbon (TOC) content and pond water with a high TOC content. Analysis of results indicated that sodium bisulfite did not eliminate the toxicity of chlorine dioxide or chlorite to D. magna. Total residual oxidant (TRO) concentrations were reduced and survival times were extended, but acute toxicity persisted even with a S(IV) concentration 10.0 times the stoichiometric ratio of oxidant. Mortality occurred in chlorine dioxide treatments in which no TRO was detected, indicating that standard analytical (amperometric) techniques may be inadequate to detect toxicity. Sodium bisulfite did succeed in eliminating chlorine toxicity except in pond water receiving a low (3.0x) sodium bisulfite dose. Oxidant reactions with organic substrates may have produced chlorinated residuals that were resistant to S(IV) dechlorination. SN - 0730-7268 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/11349853/Effectiveness_of_the_sulfur_IV__compound_sodium_bisulfite_in_reducing_chlorine_chlorine_dioxide_and_chlorite_toxicity_to_Daphnia_magna_in_well_water_and_pond_water_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -