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Effect of castration on the smooth muscle cells of the internal sex organs of the rat: influence of the smooth muscle on the sympathetic neurons innervating the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975 May; 193(2):424-34.JP

Abstract

Wet weights of vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland were reduced by almost 80 to 90% 10 weeks after castration. Endogenous norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylas activity of these tissues were also reduced to the same degree. One week after castration there was approximately a 50% loss in the weight of all three organs. However, this was accompanied by an equal reduction in norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity only in the vas deferens. Two weeks later the degree of reductions in wet weight, norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was almost identical for all three organs. Treatment of 40-day castrate rats with testosterone (10 mg/kg s.c.) not only restored the wet weights of the internal sex organs to normal but their norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity as well. Castration of immature rats (10-14 days old) resulted in retardation of growth of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle by 90-95%, and similar reductions in norepinephrin content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity, when compared to the tissues of control littermates on the 90th postoperative day. Histological examination of normal and castrate rats indicated that, along with a reduction in epithelial cells, the smooth muscle cells of the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland was markedly reduce in size as well. Administration of testosterone completely reversed these changes. Furthermore, deoxyribonucleic acid content of the seminal vesicle and coagulating gland was reduced by 50% after castration and then restored to control level after testosterone treatment. Taken together, it seems that atrophy of the internal sex organs following castration is a combined effect of reduction in size and number of smooth muscle cells. Therefore, it is concluded that any alteration in the size of smooth muscle cells or loss of such cells of the internal sex organs indirectly influences their sympathetic nerves in such a manner that norepinephrine concentrations, and thereby the density of innervation, are maintained at normal levels.

Links

Publisher Full Text

Authors

Wakade AR
No affiliation info available
Garcia AG
No affiliation info available
Kirpekar SM
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsCastrationDNADopamine beta-HydroxylaseMaleMuscle, SmoothNorepinephrineOrgan SizeProstateRatsSeminal VesiclesSympathetic Nervous SystemTestisTestosteroneUrinary BladderVas Deferens

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

1142099

Citation

Wakade, A R., et al. "Effect of Castration On the Smooth Muscle Cells of the Internal Sex Organs of the Rat: Influence of the Smooth Muscle On the Sympathetic Neurons Innervating the Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicle and Coagulating Gland." The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol. 193, no. 2, 1975, pp. 424-34.
Wakade AR, Garcia AG, Kirpekar SM. Effect of castration on the smooth muscle cells of the internal sex organs of the rat: influence of the smooth muscle on the sympathetic neurons innervating the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975;193(2):424-34.
Wakade, A. R., Garcia, A. G., & Kirpekar, S. M. (1975). Effect of castration on the smooth muscle cells of the internal sex organs of the rat: influence of the smooth muscle on the sympathetic neurons innervating the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 193(2), 424-34.
Wakade AR, Garcia AG, Kirpekar SM. Effect of Castration On the Smooth Muscle Cells of the Internal Sex Organs of the Rat: Influence of the Smooth Muscle On the Sympathetic Neurons Innervating the Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicle and Coagulating Gland. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1975;193(2):424-34. PubMed PMID: 1142099.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of castration on the smooth muscle cells of the internal sex organs of the rat: influence of the smooth muscle on the sympathetic neurons innervating the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland. AU - Wakade,A R, AU - Garcia,A G, AU - Kirpekar,S M, PY - 1975/5/1/pubmed PY - 1975/5/1/medline PY - 1975/5/1/entrez KW - Age Factors KW - Amines KW - Androgens KW - Animals, Laboratory KW - Biology KW - Castration--side effects KW - Catecholamines--analysis KW - Central Nervous System KW - Central Nervous System Effects KW - Clinical Research KW - Comparative Studies KW - Cytologic Effects KW - Demographic Factors KW - Endocrine System KW - Examinations And Diagnoses KW - Genitalia KW - Genitalia, Male KW - Hormones KW - Ingredients And Chemicals KW - Laboratory Examinations And Diagnoses KW - Laboratory Procedures KW - Organic Chemicals KW - Physiology KW - Population KW - Population Characteristics KW - Research Methodology KW - Seminal Vesicles KW - Sterilization, Sexual KW - Studies KW - Surgery KW - Testosterone--administraction and dosage KW - Testosterone--side effects KW - Treatment KW - Urogenital Effects KW - Urogenital Surgery KW - Urogenital System SP - 424 EP - 34 JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics JO - J Pharmacol Exp Ther VL - 193 IS - 2 N2 - Wet weights of vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland were reduced by almost 80 to 90% 10 weeks after castration. Endogenous norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylas activity of these tissues were also reduced to the same degree. One week after castration there was approximately a 50% loss in the weight of all three organs. However, this was accompanied by an equal reduction in norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity only in the vas deferens. Two weeks later the degree of reductions in wet weight, norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was almost identical for all three organs. Treatment of 40-day castrate rats with testosterone (10 mg/kg s.c.) not only restored the wet weights of the internal sex organs to normal but their norepinephrine content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity as well. Castration of immature rats (10-14 days old) resulted in retardation of growth of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle by 90-95%, and similar reductions in norepinephrin content and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity, when compared to the tissues of control littermates on the 90th postoperative day. Histological examination of normal and castrate rats indicated that, along with a reduction in epithelial cells, the smooth muscle cells of the vas deferens, seminal vesicle and coagulating gland was markedly reduce in size as well. Administration of testosterone completely reversed these changes. Furthermore, deoxyribonucleic acid content of the seminal vesicle and coagulating gland was reduced by 50% after castration and then restored to control level after testosterone treatment. Taken together, it seems that atrophy of the internal sex organs following castration is a combined effect of reduction in size and number of smooth muscle cells. Therefore, it is concluded that any alteration in the size of smooth muscle cells or loss of such cells of the internal sex organs indirectly influences their sympathetic nerves in such a manner that norepinephrine concentrations, and thereby the density of innervation, are maintained at normal levels. SN - 0022-3565 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/1142099/Effect_of_castration_on_the_smooth_muscle_cells_of_the_internal_sex_organs_of_the_rat:_influence_of_the_smooth_muscle_on_the_sympathetic_neurons_innervating_the_vas_deferens_seminal_vesicle_and_coagulating_gland_ L2 - http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=1142099 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -