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Sexual dimorphism in counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia after antecedent exercise.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Aug; 86(8):3516-24.JC

Abstract

After antecedent hypoglycemia, counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia exhibit greater blunting in men than in women. Because physical exercise and hypoglycemia share multiple counterregulatory mechanisms, we hypothesized that prior exercise may also result in gender-specific blunting of counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia. Thirty healthy subjects (15 women and 15 men; age, 28 +/- 3 yr; body mass index, 23 +/- 1 kg/m2) were studied during 2-d experiments. Day 1 consisted of either identical 90-min morning and afternoon cycle exercise at 50% maximum oxygen expenditure or two 2-h episodes of hyperinsulinemic euglycemia. Day 2 consisted of a 2-h morning hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp. Endogenous glucose production was measured using [3-(3)H]glucose. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was measured using microneurography. Day 2 insulin (540 +/- 36 pmol/liter) and plasma glucose (2.9 +/- 0.06 pmol/liter) levels were similar in men and women during the last 30 min of hypoglycemia. Compared with antecedent euglycemia, d 1 exercise produced significant blunting of d 2 counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia. Several key d 2 counterregulatory responses were blunted to a greater extent in men than in women: glucagon (men, -105 +/- 14; women, -25 +/- 7 ng/liter; P < 0.0001), epinephrine (men, -2625 +/- 257 pmol/liter; women, -212 +/- 573; P < 0.001), norepinephrine (men, -0.50 +/- 0.12 nmol/liter; women, -0 +/- 0.11; P < 0.001), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (men, -13 +/- 4; women, -4 +/- 4 bursts/min; P < 0.01). Cardiovascular responses (heart rate and systolic and mean arterial blood pressures) were also more blunted by antecedent exercise in men than in women. After d 1 exercise, the amount of glucose infused during d 2 hypoglycemia in men was increased 6-fold compared with that after d 1 euglycemia. This amount was significantly increased (P < 0.01) compared with the 2-fold (P < 0.01) increment in glucose infusion that was required in women after d 1 exercise. Lipolysis was unaffected by d 1 exercise in women, but was significantly blunted during d 2 hypoglycemia in men. In summary, two bouts of prolonged, moderate exercise (90 min at 50% maximum oxygen expenditure) induced a marked sexual dimorphism in key neuroendocrine (glucagon, catecholamines, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity) and metabolic (glucose kinetic, lipolysis) responses to next day hypoglycemia.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Galassetti P
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Nashville Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6303, USA.
Neill AR
No affiliation info available
Tate D
No affiliation info available
Ertl AC
No affiliation info available
Wasserman DH
No affiliation info available
Davis SN
No affiliation info available

MeSH

3-Hydroxybutyric AcidAdultAlanineBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody Mass IndexEpinephrineExerciseFatty Acids, NonesterifiedFemaleGlucagonGlucose Clamp TechniqueGlycerolHeart RateHomeostasisHormonesHumansHypoglycemiaInsulinInsulin SecretionLactatesMaleMuscle, SkeletalNorepinephrineOxygen ConsumptionPhysical ExertionSex CharacteristicsTritium

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

11502773

Citation

Galassetti, P, et al. "Sexual Dimorphism in Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia After Antecedent Exercise." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 86, no. 8, 2001, pp. 3516-24.
Galassetti P, Neill AR, Tate D, et al. Sexual dimorphism in counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia after antecedent exercise. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(8):3516-24.
Galassetti, P., Neill, A. R., Tate, D., Ertl, A. C., Wasserman, D. H., & Davis, S. N. (2001). Sexual dimorphism in counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia after antecedent exercise. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 86(8), 3516-24.
Galassetti P, et al. Sexual Dimorphism in Counterregulatory Responses to Hypoglycemia After Antecedent Exercise. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001;86(8):3516-24. PubMed PMID: 11502773.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Sexual dimorphism in counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia after antecedent exercise. AU - Galassetti,P, AU - Neill,A R, AU - Tate,D, AU - Ertl,A C, AU - Wasserman,D H, AU - Davis,S N, PY - 2001/8/15/pubmed PY - 2001/9/8/medline PY - 2001/8/15/entrez SP - 3516 EP - 24 JF - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism JO - J Clin Endocrinol Metab VL - 86 IS - 8 N2 - After antecedent hypoglycemia, counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia exhibit greater blunting in men than in women. Because physical exercise and hypoglycemia share multiple counterregulatory mechanisms, we hypothesized that prior exercise may also result in gender-specific blunting of counterregulatory responses to subsequent hypoglycemia. Thirty healthy subjects (15 women and 15 men; age, 28 +/- 3 yr; body mass index, 23 +/- 1 kg/m2) were studied during 2-d experiments. Day 1 consisted of either identical 90-min morning and afternoon cycle exercise at 50% maximum oxygen expenditure or two 2-h episodes of hyperinsulinemic euglycemia. Day 2 consisted of a 2-h morning hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemic clamp. Endogenous glucose production was measured using [3-(3)H]glucose. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was measured using microneurography. Day 2 insulin (540 +/- 36 pmol/liter) and plasma glucose (2.9 +/- 0.06 pmol/liter) levels were similar in men and women during the last 30 min of hypoglycemia. Compared with antecedent euglycemia, d 1 exercise produced significant blunting of d 2 counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia. Several key d 2 counterregulatory responses were blunted to a greater extent in men than in women: glucagon (men, -105 +/- 14; women, -25 +/- 7 ng/liter; P < 0.0001), epinephrine (men, -2625 +/- 257 pmol/liter; women, -212 +/- 573; P < 0.001), norepinephrine (men, -0.50 +/- 0.12 nmol/liter; women, -0 +/- 0.11; P < 0.001), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (men, -13 +/- 4; women, -4 +/- 4 bursts/min; P < 0.01). Cardiovascular responses (heart rate and systolic and mean arterial blood pressures) were also more blunted by antecedent exercise in men than in women. After d 1 exercise, the amount of glucose infused during d 2 hypoglycemia in men was increased 6-fold compared with that after d 1 euglycemia. This amount was significantly increased (P < 0.01) compared with the 2-fold (P < 0.01) increment in glucose infusion that was required in women after d 1 exercise. Lipolysis was unaffected by d 1 exercise in women, but was significantly blunted during d 2 hypoglycemia in men. In summary, two bouts of prolonged, moderate exercise (90 min at 50% maximum oxygen expenditure) induced a marked sexual dimorphism in key neuroendocrine (glucagon, catecholamines, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity) and metabolic (glucose kinetic, lipolysis) responses to next day hypoglycemia. SN - 0021-972X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/11502773/Sexual_dimorphism_in_counterregulatory_responses_to_hypoglycemia_after_antecedent_exercise_ L2 - https://academic.oup.com/jcem/article-lookup/doi/10.1210/jcem.86.8.7720 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -