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Anaerobic bacteria in upper respiratory tract and other head and neck infections.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002 May; 111(5 Pt 1):430-40.AO

Abstract

Anaerobic bacteria are common in chronic upper respiratory tract and head and neck infections. Anaerobes are the most predominant components of the normal human oropharyngeal bacterial flora, and are therefore a common cause of bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tract that are of endogenous origin. Because of their fastidious nature, anaerobes are difficult to isolate from infectious sites and are often overlooked. Anaerobic bacteria can be recovered in chronic otitis media and sinusitis, and play a role in tonsillitis. They are also important in complications of these infections. Anaerobes predominate in deep oral and neck infections and abscesses. In addition to their direct pathogenicity in these infections, they possess an indirect role through their ability to produce the enzyme beta-lactamase. In this fashion, they are capable of "shielding" non-beta-lactamase-producing bacteria from penicillins. The lack of directing adequate therapy against these organisms may lead to clinical failures. Their isolation requires appropriate methods of collection, transportation, and cultivation of specimens. Treatment of anaerobic infections is complicated by the slow growth of these organisms, by their polymicrobial nature, and by the growing resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy is often the only form of therapy required, whereas in other cases, it is an important adjunct to a surgical approach. Because anaerobic bacteria generally are recovered mixed with aerobic organisms, the choice of appropriate antimicrobial agents should provide for adequate coverage of both types of pathogens.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Brook I
Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA. ib6@georgetown.edu

MeSH

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacteria, AnaerobicChronic DiseaseHumansOtitis MediaRecurrenceRespiratory Tract InfectionsSinusitisTonsillitisVirulence

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

12018328

Citation

Brook, Itzhak. "Anaerobic Bacteria in Upper Respiratory Tract and Other Head and Neck Infections." The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology, vol. 111, no. 5 Pt 1, 2002, pp. 430-40.
Brook I. Anaerobic bacteria in upper respiratory tract and other head and neck infections. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002;111(5 Pt 1):430-40.
Brook, I. (2002). Anaerobic bacteria in upper respiratory tract and other head and neck infections. The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology, 111(5 Pt 1), 430-40.
Brook I. Anaerobic Bacteria in Upper Respiratory Tract and Other Head and Neck Infections. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002;111(5 Pt 1):430-40. PubMed PMID: 12018328.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bacteria in upper respiratory tract and other head and neck infections. A1 - Brook,Itzhak, PY - 2002/5/23/pubmed PY - 2002/6/1/medline PY - 2002/5/23/entrez SP - 430 EP - 40 JF - The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology JO - Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol VL - 111 IS - 5 Pt 1 N2 - Anaerobic bacteria are common in chronic upper respiratory tract and head and neck infections. Anaerobes are the most predominant components of the normal human oropharyngeal bacterial flora, and are therefore a common cause of bacterial infections of the upper respiratory tract that are of endogenous origin. Because of their fastidious nature, anaerobes are difficult to isolate from infectious sites and are often overlooked. Anaerobic bacteria can be recovered in chronic otitis media and sinusitis, and play a role in tonsillitis. They are also important in complications of these infections. Anaerobes predominate in deep oral and neck infections and abscesses. In addition to their direct pathogenicity in these infections, they possess an indirect role through their ability to produce the enzyme beta-lactamase. In this fashion, they are capable of "shielding" non-beta-lactamase-producing bacteria from penicillins. The lack of directing adequate therapy against these organisms may lead to clinical failures. Their isolation requires appropriate methods of collection, transportation, and cultivation of specimens. Treatment of anaerobic infections is complicated by the slow growth of these organisms, by their polymicrobial nature, and by the growing resistance of anaerobic bacteria to antimicrobials. Antimicrobial therapy is often the only form of therapy required, whereas in other cases, it is an important adjunct to a surgical approach. Because anaerobic bacteria generally are recovered mixed with aerobic organisms, the choice of appropriate antimicrobial agents should provide for adequate coverage of both types of pathogens. SN - 0003-4894 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/12018328/Anaerobic_bacteria_in_upper_respiratory_tract_and_other_head_and_neck_infections_ L2 - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/000348940211100508?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub=pubmed DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -