Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jun; 88(6):2706-13.JC

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are incretin hormones secreted in response to meal ingestion, thereby enhancing postprandial insulin secretion. Therefore, an attenuated incretin response could contribute to the impaired insulin responses in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present investigation was to investigate incretin secretion, in obesity and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its dependence on the magnitude of the meal stimulus. Plasma concentrations of incretin hormones (total, reflecting secretion and intact, reflecting potential action) were measured during two meal tests (260 kcal and 520 kcal) in eight type 1 diabetic patients, eight lean healthy subjects, eight obese type 2 diabetic patients, and eight obese healthy subjects. Both in diabetic patients and in healthy subjects, significant increases in GLP-1 and GIP concentrations were seen after ingestion of both meals. The incretin responses were significantly higher in all groups after the large meal, compared with the small meal, with correspondingly higher C-peptide responses. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients had normal GIP responses, compared with healthy subjects, whereas decreased GLP-1 responses were seen in type 2 diabetic patients, compared with matched obese healthy subjects. Incremental GLP-1 responses were normal in type 1 diabetic patients. Increased fasting concentrations of GIP and an early enhanced postprandial GIP response were seen in obese, compared with lean healthy subjects, whereas GLP-1 responses were the same in the two groups. beta-cell sensitivity to glucose, evaluated as the slope of insulin secretion rates vs. plasma glucose concentration, tended to increase in both type 2 diabetic patients (29%, P = 0.19) and obese healthy subjects (22% P = 0.04) during the large meal, compared with the small meal, perhaps reflecting the increased incretin response. We conclude: 1) that a decreased GLP-1 secretion may contribute to impaired insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas GIP and GLP-1 secretion is normal in type 1 diabetic patients; and 2) that it is possible to modulate the beta-cell sensitivity to glucose in obese healthy subjects, and possibly also in type 2 diabetic patients, by giving them a large meal, compared with a small meal.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Vilsbøll T
Department of Internal Medicine F, Gentofte Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark. tivi@gentoftehosp.kbhamt.dk
Krarup T
No affiliation info available
Sonne J
No affiliation info available
Madsbad S
No affiliation info available
Vølund A
No affiliation info available
Juul AG
No affiliation info available
Holst JJ
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAgedBlood GlucoseBody WeightC-PeptideCase-Control StudiesDiabetes MellitusDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Feeding BehaviorFemaleGastric Inhibitory PolypeptideGlucagonGlucagon-Like Peptide 1Glucagon-Like PeptidesHumansInsulinInsulin SecretionIslets of LangerhansMaleMiddle AgedObesityPeptide FragmentsProtein PrecursorsRandom Allocation

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

12788877

Citation

Vilsbøll, T, et al. "Incretin Secretion in Relation to Meal Size and Body Weight in Healthy Subjects and People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 88, no. 6, 2003, pp. 2706-13.
Vilsbøll T, Krarup T, Sonne J, et al. Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(6):2706-13.
Vilsbøll, T., Krarup, T., Sonne, J., Madsbad, S., Vølund, A., Juul, A. G., & Holst, J. J. (2003). Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88(6), 2706-13.
Vilsbøll T, et al. Incretin Secretion in Relation to Meal Size and Body Weight in Healthy Subjects and People With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;88(6):2706-13. PubMed PMID: 12788877.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Incretin secretion in relation to meal size and body weight in healthy subjects and people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. AU - Vilsbøll,T, AU - Krarup,T, AU - Sonne,J, AU - Madsbad,S, AU - Vølund,A, AU - Juul,A G, AU - Holst,J J, PY - 2003/6/6/pubmed PY - 2003/7/2/medline PY - 2003/6/6/entrez SP - 2706 EP - 13 JF - The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism JO - J Clin Endocrinol Metab VL - 88 IS - 6 N2 - Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are incretin hormones secreted in response to meal ingestion, thereby enhancing postprandial insulin secretion. Therefore, an attenuated incretin response could contribute to the impaired insulin responses in patients with diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present investigation was to investigate incretin secretion, in obesity and type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and its dependence on the magnitude of the meal stimulus. Plasma concentrations of incretin hormones (total, reflecting secretion and intact, reflecting potential action) were measured during two meal tests (260 kcal and 520 kcal) in eight type 1 diabetic patients, eight lean healthy subjects, eight obese type 2 diabetic patients, and eight obese healthy subjects. Both in diabetic patients and in healthy subjects, significant increases in GLP-1 and GIP concentrations were seen after ingestion of both meals. The incretin responses were significantly higher in all groups after the large meal, compared with the small meal, with correspondingly higher C-peptide responses. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients had normal GIP responses, compared with healthy subjects, whereas decreased GLP-1 responses were seen in type 2 diabetic patients, compared with matched obese healthy subjects. Incremental GLP-1 responses were normal in type 1 diabetic patients. Increased fasting concentrations of GIP and an early enhanced postprandial GIP response were seen in obese, compared with lean healthy subjects, whereas GLP-1 responses were the same in the two groups. beta-cell sensitivity to glucose, evaluated as the slope of insulin secretion rates vs. plasma glucose concentration, tended to increase in both type 2 diabetic patients (29%, P = 0.19) and obese healthy subjects (22% P = 0.04) during the large meal, compared with the small meal, perhaps reflecting the increased incretin response. We conclude: 1) that a decreased GLP-1 secretion may contribute to impaired insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas GIP and GLP-1 secretion is normal in type 1 diabetic patients; and 2) that it is possible to modulate the beta-cell sensitivity to glucose in obese healthy subjects, and possibly also in type 2 diabetic patients, by giving them a large meal, compared with a small meal. SN - 0021-972X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/12788877/Incretin_secretion_in_relation_to_meal_size_and_body_weight_in_healthy_subjects_and_people_with_type_1_and_type_2_diabetes_mellitus_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -